MAGNESIUM 



144 



MALLORY'S CONNECTIVE 



amount of magnesium relative to the 

 other minerals in the skin of normal and 

 neurodermatitis patients. In the latter 

 there is a magnesium deficiency (Mac- 

 Cardle, R. C, Engman, M. F., Jr. and 

 Sr., Arch. Dermat. and Syph., 1941, 

 44, 429-440). 



If it is desired to supplement micro- 

 scopic and spectrographic detection of 

 magnesium by quantitative analysis of 

 very small amounts of tissue a tech- 

 nique of microdermination with the 

 polarograph devised by Carruthers, C, 

 Indust. and Engin. Chem., 1943, 15, 

 412-414 will be useful. It has been 

 employed for analysis of pure epidermis 

 by Carruthers, C, and Suntzeff. V., 

 Cancer Research, 1943, 3, 744-748'. 



Malachite, a mineral mined by the Egyp- 

 tians, and applied as a powder gave a 

 green pigmentation about the eyes. 

 It is said to be the oldest coloring mat- 

 ter known to them (Leggett, W. F., 

 Ancient and Medieval Dyes. Brook- 

 lyn: Chemical Publishing Co. Inc., 

 1944, 99 pp.). 



Malachite Green (CI, 657) — diamond green 

 B, BX or P extra, light green N, new 

 Victoria green extra, O, I or II, solid 

 green O, Victoria green B or WB — 

 Commission Certified. A feebly basic 

 di-amino tri-phenyl methane dye quite 

 extensivel}^ employed as a counterstain 

 for safranin or carmine. 



Malachite Green G, see Brilliant Green. 



Malarial Pigment. Produced in erythro- 

 cytes by action of the parasites, black 

 and distinguishable from carbon by its 

 solubility in concentrated sulphuric 

 acid. Among distinguishing character- 

 istics given by Lison (p. 254) are 

 solubility in dilute alkalis, argentaffine 

 reaction negative, specific stains for 

 lipids negative, likewise reactions for 

 iron. But Morrison and Anderson (D. 

 B. and W. A. D., Public Health Rep., 

 1942, 57, 90-94) find that_ when the 

 pigment within the parasites (Plas- 

 modium Knowlesi) is extracted in 

 such a way as not to influence the 

 spectra of hemoglobin it can be identified 

 spectrophotometrically as ferri hemic 

 acid, or hematin, which does contain 

 iron. 



Malaria Plasmcdta. Technique of examina- 

 tion of process of "exflagellation" 

 (Anderson, Ch. W. and Cowdry, E. V., 

 Arch, de I'Inst. Pasteur de Tunis, 1928, 

 17, 46-72), of quantitative determina- 

 tions of gametocytes (Cowdry, E. V. 

 and Covell, W. P., Ibid., 147-456) and 

 of demonstrating neutral red granules 

 and Golgi apparatus (Cowdry, E. V. 

 and Scott, G. II., Ihid., 233-252). 



For staining the piasmodia in smears, 

 see Giemsa, Jenner, Marino, Nocht, 



Plehn, Wilson and Wright's stains. A 

 simple method for staining piasmodia 

 in paraffin sections is described with 

 numerous illustrations by Tomlinson, 

 W. J. and Grocott, R. G., Am. J. Clin. 

 Path., 1944, 14, 318-326. The Barber 

 Komp thick film method is strongly 

 recommended for surveys. 



Serlin, N. J. and Lissa, J. R., Am. J. 

 Clin. Path., 1942, 6, 8 advise the follow- 

 ing method when diagnosis depends on 

 finding gametocytes, or malarial pig- 

 ment, in peripheral blood. Completely 

 evaporate 1 cc. 1% aq. potassium o.xa- 

 late in a 15 cc. centrifuge tube. Add 10 

 cc. venipuncture blood. Mix carefully 

 and centrifuge 30 min. at 2,500 R.P.M. 

 Pipette off all but about i in. of super- 

 natant plasma. Smear on 2 slides bj' 

 wiping buffer layer with stick applicator 

 having non-absorbent cotton tip. 

 Stain by Wright's method. Study of 

 Giemsa stained smears by dark field is 

 suggested (Goosmanu, C., J. Lab. & 

 Clin. Med., 1935-36, 21, 421-424). See 

 Protozoa. 

 Mallory's Connective Tissue Stain. This 

 is name usually given to his anilin 

 blue-acid fuchsin-orange G stain. See 

 also his Phosphomolybdic and Phospho- 

 tungstic Acid Hematoxylin Stains. 

 (Mallory, p. 155). Fix in Zenker's 

 fluid. Imbed in paraffin or celloidin. 

 Remove mercury from sections with 

 iodine or 0.5% sodium hyposulphite. 

 Stain in 0.5% aq. acid fuchsin, 1-5 min. 

 Drain off stain and put in: anilin blue, 

 water soluble, 0.5 gm. ; orange G, 2 gm. ; 

 1% aq. phosphotungstic acid, 100 cc, 

 20 min. or longer. Rinse in 95% ale. 

 2 or 3 changes until no more stain is 

 removed. Dehydrate in abs. ale, clear 

 in xylol, mount in neutral balsam. For 

 celloidin sections, reduce staining time 

 and pass from 95% ale. to terpineol and 

 mount in balsam. This is one of the 

 most beautiful of all stains and is very 

 widely used. Collagenic fibrils blue, 

 fibroglia, neuroglia and myoglia fibrils 

 red, elastic fibrils pink or yellow. In 

 McCIung, p. 405, Mallory and Parker 

 advise 0.25% aq. acid fuchsin and 

 staining in the anilin blue mixture for 

 1-24 hrs. or for 1 hr. in paraffin oven at 

 60 °C. The modifications of this stain 

 are almost endless. 



Adaptation to formalin fixed material 

 is often desirable. Kernohan (J. W., 

 J. Tech. Meth., 1934, 13, 82-84) has 

 outlined the following method of doing 

 this by mordanting. Wash formalin 

 fi.xed tissue in running water or in 

 ammonia water for short time. Place 

 in Weigert's primary mordant — potas- 

 sium bichromate, 5 gm.; chromium 

 fluoride, 2 gm. and aq. dest. 100 cc. — 



