MASSON'S TRICHROME 



147 



McILVAINE BUFFERS 



man, H., Am. J. Clin. Piith., Teohn. 

 Suppl., 1943, 7, Cj5. 



The difficulty is that the French "pon- 

 ceau de X2jlidi7ie" cannot be secured. 

 It appears to be similar to ponceau 2R 

 (C.l. 79) but the latter does not give 

 regularly good results. Lillie (R. D., 

 Stain Tech., 1940, 15, 17-22) suggests 

 the following substitutes for ponceau 

 de xylidine : azofuchsin 3B (C.L, 54), 

 nitrazine yellow and biebrich scarlet 

 (C.L, 280). See the Biebrich Scarlet 

 and Picro-Anilin Blue method of Lillie. 



Mast Cells, see Basophile Leucocytes and 

 Tissue Basophiles. 



Mastoid Process. Use methods for Bone. 

 Technique for measurements of size of 

 air cell svstem is given by Diamant, M., 

 Acta Radiol., 1940, 31, 543-548. 



Mauveine (CI, 846), a basic dye of light fast- 

 ness 3, the first dj'e made from aniline 

 in 1856. Gives stain of plant tissues 

 like Methyl violet (Emis, p. 57). 



Maximow (see Azure 11 Eosin Hematoxylin 

 method). He has advised as a fixative 

 90 cc. Zenker's fluid less acetic acid + 

 10 cc. formalin. This is essentially 

 Formalin Zenker. See Buzaglo's con- 

 nective tissue stain. 



May-Giemsa stain of Pappenheim (Folia 

 Haematol., Arch., 1917, 22, 15). This 

 is the same as Jenner-Giemsa. Fix 

 and stain air dried blood smears about 

 3 min. in May-Griinwald mixture (sat. 

 sol. methylene blue eosinate in methyl 

 alcohol). Add same amount aq. dest. 

 and leave 1 min. Pour off (but do not 

 wash) and add diluted Giemsa's solu- 

 tion. Stain in this 15-30 min. Rinse 

 aq. dest. 1 min. or until desired color 

 is reached. Blot dry. This is a good 

 modification of the ordinary Giemsa's 

 stain because it gives slightly more 

 intense colors. 



May-Griinwald combined fixative and stain 

 is a sat. sol. of methylene blue eosinate 

 in method alcohol (Griibler or IIoll- 

 born). If methylene blue eosinate is 

 not available make it as originally de- 

 scribed bv Jenner (Lancet, 1899, No. 6, 

 370). Mix equal parts 1.25% water sol. 

 eosin and 1% methylene blue; after 24 

 hrs. filter; wash ppt. on filter with 

 water; dry and dissolve powder in 200 

 cc. pure methyl alcohol. It is employed 

 in the May-Giemsa and Kardos-Pap- 

 penheim methods for staining blood 

 smears. 



May-Griinwald-Giemsa stain in one solu- 

 tion. Strumia (M. M., J. Lab. & Clin. 

 Med., 193.5-3G, 21, 930-934) gives di- 

 rections for combining the stains and 

 for use and notes that a standardized 

 product is prepared by Coleman and 

 Bell Co. Intensity of coloration is 

 enhanced by the combination. 



Mayer's Acid Alum Hematoxylin. The 



following formula is given by Mallory 

 (p. 73). Dis.solve 1 gra. hematoxylin 

 in 1000 cc. aq. dest. witli a little heat if 

 required. Add 0.2 gm. sodium iodate 

 and 50 gm. ammonium or potassium 

 alum._ When latter is dissolved add 1 

 gm. citric acid and 50 gm. chloral hy- 

 drate. Color turns reddish violet. 

 Does not easily over-ripen. 



Mayer's Acid Carmine. The Bensleys 

 (p. 131) advise its preparation as 

 follows. Add 4 gm. carmine to 15 cc. 

 aq. dest. + 30 drops hydrochloric acid. 

 Boil until it is dissolved. Add 95 cc. 

 85% ethyl alcohol. Neutralize with 

 ammonia until the carmine begins to 

 precipitate as seen in a graduate against 

 white paper background. Add 4 more 

 drops ammonia after first precipitation. 

 If this acid carmine stains too quickly, 

 slow it down by dilution with 80-90% 

 alcohol. This gives a fine red nuclear 

 counterstain for tissues vitally stained 

 with Indigo-Carmine, Trypan Blue 

 and similar dj^es. 



Mcllvaine Buffers after Stitt from Lillie, 

 R. D., Stain Techn., 1941, 16, 1-6 who 

 employed them to improve Romanowsky 

 staining after various fi.xatives. See 

 Toluidine Blue Phloxinate Method, 

 (see Molecular Solution) To make 

 M/15 citric acid required dissolve 14.01 

 gm. mono-hydrated crj^stalline citric 

 acid in 500 cc. aq. dest. and add enough 

 neutral methyl alcohol C.P. to make 

 total volume 1,000 cc. after careful 

 mixing. To make M/15 Na2HP04 dis- 

 solve 9.47 gm. anhydrous Na2HP04 

 in 500 cc. aq. dest. and make up to 

 1,000 cc. with methyl alcohol. These, 

 in following proportions listed in cc, 

 give pH values indicated. 



cc. Citric Acid 

 1.3 

 1.25 

 1.2 

 1.15 

 1.1 

 1.05 

 1.0 

 0.95 

 0.9 

 0.85 

 0.8 

 0.75 

 0.7 

 0.G5 

 0.6 

 0.55 



Na2HP04 

 0.7 

 0.75 

 0.8 

 0.85 

 0.9 

 0.95 

 1.0 

 1.05 

 1.1 

 1.15 

 1.2 

 1.25 

 1.3 

 1.35 

 1.4 

 1.45 



pH 



(3.873) 

 (4.034) 

 (4.205) 

 (4.44) 

 (4.653) 

 (4. SO) 

 (5.042) 

 ^5.201) 

 (5.428) 

 (5.096) 

 5.85 (5.S3S1 

 6.05 (6.036) 

 6.3 (6.20) 

 6.5 (6.444) 



6.5 (6.522) 



6.6 (6.60) 



3.9 

 4.0 

 4.2 

 4.4 

 4.6 

 4.8 

 5.0 

 5.2 

 5.4 

 5.7 



Since it is difficult to measure out these 

 small volumes accurately at least ten 

 times the volume in eacli case should be 

 taken and the amount not required 



