INDEX 



hills" of the large termites (Cornitermes cumulans and similis) consist of 

 loam ; those of the medium-sized termite (Eutermes fulviceps) of loam and 

 earth, those of the small termites (Anoplotermes ater and morio) only of 

 earth. Anoplotermes turricola builds a turret-like nest. Eutermes Rippertii, 

 rotundiceps, chaquimayensis and others build paper nests on trees. Fungi 

 are cultivated in the "hills" of the very common Termes dirus. Termes 

 saliens and riograndensis, like the Ant, Odontomachus, are able to leap 

 backwards on snapping their mandibles. For a comprehensive account of 

 the life of the Termites, .ye^ K. Escherich, Die Termiten, Leipzig, 1909. 165, 



325-36 

 Termite-guests, Solenopsis Edwardi,, a thieving Ant; also Brachymyrmex and 

 Monomorium. With Eutermes fulviceps lives the harmless Ant Cremato- 

 gaster alegrensis. Camponotus personatus and termitarius defend the 

 termitary. The Beetle which resembled a winged sexual Termite is Atrac- 

 tocerus termiticola. Of Staphylinidae with defensive forms there are Termi- 

 topsenius and Eupsenius. Timeparthenus is the Staphylinid with the 

 bloated abdomen; the Fly described is Termitomastus leptoproctus ; it 

 lives with Anoplotermes reconditus. For literature, see Termites and Ants. 



335-6 



Tern, Trintareis, Sea-swallow, 50 



Terra roxa, 200 



Tertiary Period and Deposits, 1 65-6, 1 76 



Teu-teu, see Plover. 



Therezopolis, 85, 133 



Thoas Butterfly, see Swallowtail. 



Thorn-Cicadae (Membracidae) . A two-spined form of Hemiptycha punctata and 

 Umbolca spinosa, 225 



Thorny Spider, Gasteracantha Kochi, broader than it is long, and bears large 

 double spikes on the hinder part of the body, 208 



Thrush, see Sabia. 



Thunbergia = Azure Convolvulus, 98 



Thyme (Labiatae), 120 



Thynnus Wasp, Thynnus cornulus, Sao Paulo. This group does not occur in 

 Europe. 281 



Ticks, Ixodes, HaemaphysaUs, Amblyoma humerale, Margaropus microplus, 

 Ornithodorus talage and rostratus (Carrapato do Chao), 351 



Ticotico, Brachyspiza capensis or Zonotrichia pileata (Fringillidae), 166, 248 



Tiger-cat, see Ocelot. 



Tiger-Orchid, Stanhopea tigrina, 241 



Tijuca, 24, 85, 87 



Timbii, see Marsupials, 168 



Tirucalli, Euphorbia tirucalli, from Africa. In Brazil there are hedges of Euphor- 

 bia, known as Avoloz. They are common in the interior, near Caruarii. 238 



Tortoise, see Turtles and Tortoises. 



Tortoise Beetles. These beetles (Cassidinae) belong to the Leaf-beetles (Chryso- 

 melidae), which in Europe also have golden-green representatives. The 

 species described as covering its offspring is Omoplata pallidipennis. A 

 metallic-green Brazilian sp>ecies (Desmonota variolosa) is often set in gold 

 or silver, like a gem, 203 



Toucan, 175, 215 



Tovaca, Chamaeza brevicauda (Formicariidae), 258 



Toxodon, 172 



Tree-cactus, see Cactus. 



397 



