APPLIED SCIENCE AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH 205 



2. Development laboratories working on improvements in 

 product and processes, tending to lessen cost of production 

 and to introduce new products on the market. 



3. Laboratories working on pure theory and on the funda- 

 mental sciences associated with the industry. 



Laboratories of the first type are so obviously necessary 

 that practically all plants are equipped with them, and fre- 

 quently each department of a factory maintains its own 

 control laboratory. 



Laboratories of the second class are frequently called "re- 

 search" laboratories and have been largely instrumental in 

 introducing scientific control into industry. In such a devel- 

 opment laboratory, the work ranges from the simplest and 

 most obvious alterations to problems of extreme difficulty 

 involving scientific knowledge of a high order. The func- 

 tion of the development laboratory is to collect ideas from 

 all sources and apply them to manufacture. Those investi- 

 gations of the pure research section that result in new prod- 

 ucts or methods will usually pass through the development 

 branch to the manufacturing departments. The man -^vho 

 has been in charge of an investigation in pure research should 

 follow his work through the development branch into the 

 manufacturing departments until it becomes a recognized 

 and established feature in manufacture. 



It is often desirable for the laboratory itself to have facili- 

 ties for carrying new developments to the stage of production, 

 and, indeed, in many laboratories it is considered necessary 

 not only to manufacture on a small experimental scale but 

 even to place certain new products on the market, transfer- 

 ring production to the works only when the demand is such 

 that a full-scale manufacturing organization is required to 

 meet it. This is particularly useful in the case of products 

 that are new to the industry and that require novel and diffi- 

 cult manufacturing methods and, at the same time, the de- 

 velopment of a new market. 



If the whole future of an industry is dependent on the work 

 of the research laboratory, then not merely an improvement 



