142 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 6 



On rocks and soil in swamps and. moist woods, Asia, Europe, and in 

 North America through southern Canada south to Georgia, Louisiana, Mis- 

 souri, Montana, and California. 



Known from the following counties: Butler. Cameron, Clarion, Crawford, Erie, Fay- 

 ette, McKean, Somerset, Venango, Warren, Washington, and Westmoreland. Specimen 

 figured: Ohio Pyle, Fayette Co., September 1-3. 1906. O.E.J, and G.K.J. 



9b. Mnium affine var. rugicum (Laurer) Bryologia Europaea 



{Astrophyllum rugicum Lindberg) 



Plate XXVI 



Darker green than true affine, almost blackish: stems short, usually simple; 

 leaves oblong to broadly oval or sub-orbicular, the apex blunt and rounded 

 with an apiculation or almost entire, the margin little or not at all serrate: 

 capsule much as in affme var. ciliare but usually smaller. The leaves often 

 very closely resemble those of M. rostra turn but Grout says the leaf-cells have 

 thinner walls in rugicum and also radiate in more or less definite series from 

 the costa, while in ro stratum the thick- walled cells are irregularly arranged, or 

 at least not in radiating series. 



In cool, shaded ravines and swamps; Europe, and, in North America, from 

 Greenland to Alaska and locally south to Louisiana and Colorado. 



In our region not known to range more than fifty miles east of the western State line. 

 Allegheny Co.: Power's Run, April 18, 1906, and June 17, 1909, O.E.J.; Wildwood 

 Hollow, March 29, 1908, and Coraopolis, September 14, 1905. O.E.J, and G.E.K. All 

 sterile. Beaver Co.s Beaver Falls, May 11, 1907. O.E.J. Sterile. Butler Co.: On 

 wet log, 5 mi. north of Zelienople, March, 1927. L. K. Henry. Erie Co.: Damp woods 

 near Erie. Agnes E. Hartman. July 30, 1927. Fayette Co.: Cheat Haven, September 

 3-6, 1910. O.E.J, and G.K.J, (figured). Ohio Pyle, September 1-3, 1907. O.E.J, and 

 G.K.J. (Both sterile). Washington Co.: In ravine, Snake Woods near Washington, 

 June 8, 1895, and under waterfalls below Taylorstown, Nov. 16, 1895. A. Linn and 

 J. S. Simonton. 



10. Mnium stellare [Reichenbach] Hedwig 

 Plate XXVI 



Densely cespitose, soft, deep or bluish-green: stems erect, usually 1-3 cm 

 high, branching at base; leaves gradually larger above, elliptic-oblong, to sub- 

 orbicular below, slightly decurrent, rounded and acute at apex to obtuse-apicu- 

 late, non-bordered, the upper part of the leaf obtusely irregularly short serrate; 

 costa thin, ending considerably below the ap>ex, smooth on back; leaf-cells in- 

 crassate, angular, irregular to hexagonal or subquadrate, fairly uniform in size, 

 about .020. 030 mm; seta solitary; capsule horizontal to inclined, oblong; lid 

 conic-convex; peristome yellowish; dioicous; antheridial flower discoid: mature 

 in late spring or early summer. 



At the base of trees or on rocks in swampy woods or on humus, in tem- 

 perate Europe, Asia, and North America, through lower Canada and north- 

 eastern United States. This species rarely fruits and all specimens from 

 Pennsylvania thus far have been sterile. 



Allegheny Co.: Under side of rocks in crevices, Fern Hollow, Pittsburgh, March 

 9, 1908. O.E.J. McKean Co.: Rutherford Run, March 12, 1894, and Qumtuple, Sep- 



