Jenn.ngs: Manual of Mosses — 24. Fontinalaceae 175 



2. FONTINALIS BIFORMIS SuIIivant 



Yellowish green to dirty green: stems long, much-branching; leaves of two 

 kinds; the vernal large, soft, lance-ovate, concave, blunt to acute, when fresh 

 and moist quite prominently three-ranked, and rather widely spreading, the 

 apical cells somewhat like Sphagnum cells; the summer leaves much smaller, 

 narrower, convolute and tubulose above, rigid, covering the younger branches; 

 median leaf -cells of the vernal leaves linear, the apical broadly rhomboidal and 

 sphagniform, the angular quadrate-oblong, much larger, forming small de- 

 current auricles; costa none; archegonial clusters rare, situated towards the base 

 of the stems; antheridial clusters usually 2 to 4 together and long-stipitate: 

 capsule oblong-oval, enfolded by the suborbicular inner perichaetial leaves; 

 lid conic, rostrate; peristom.e-teeth lance-linear, about 20-articulate, cilia tessel- 

 late and united at the apex, papillose. 



In woodland rivulets and streams, Ohio and Indiana. 



Rare in our region. Portage County, Ohio, and McKean Co.: (Porter's Catalogue). 



3. FoNTlNALlS SULLIVANTI Lindberg 

 (F. Lescurii var. gracilescens SuIIivant) 



Quite similar to F. Lescurti but smaller and more slender: very slender, 

 regularly pinnate with remote and attenuate branches; leaves distant, the stem- 

 leaves lanceolate, soft, narrowly long-acuminate, somewhat concave, acute to 

 somewhat obtuse, entire or sub-denticulate, yellowish, about 5 mm long, the 

 branch-leaves about half as long, more rigid, more concave, acuminate; peri- 

 chaetial leaves rather short as compared with F. Lescurii, not undulate at apex; 

 median leaf-cells linear-flexuous, the apical shorter and broader, the basal 

 shorter and broader, the alar much larger, inflated-oblong forming auricles: 

 capsules sessile, cylindric; lid conic, long-acuminate; peristome teeth papillose, 

 the inner peristome as in F. Lescurii; spores minutely roughened. 



In stagnant water, swamps, etc., on bushes, tree roots, etc., eastern United 

 States. Not reported from our region. 



4. FoNTlNALlS DALECARLICA Bryologia Europaea 



Plate XXXIV 



Stem.<: slender, much-branched, naked below, 1-3 (4) dm long, attenuate, 

 dark-castaneous, sub-lustrous; leaves somewhat close, erect-spreading to some- 

 what imbricate, more or less glossy, lance-oblong to narrowly lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, 2-3 mm long, often slightly toothed at apex, margins usually somewhat 

 involute, concave, sometimes very slightly auricled at base; leaf-cells prosen- 

 chymatous, rather incrassate, linear-oblong, about 10-18:1, the marginal slightly 

 narrower, the alar rectangular to irregularly quadrate-hexagonal, considerably 

 larger, usually slightly colored; p>erichaetial leaves apiculate, the apex finally 

 lacerate: capsule immersed, about 2 mm long; peristome orange to brownish, 

 the teeth slender, granulose, with about 14-22 lamellae, the inner peristome 

 with an imperfect lattice; spores muriculate, about .025-032 mm, mature in 

 summer. 



