182 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 6 



incrassate; spores yellowish, minutely roughened, about .016-.018 mm, the 

 walls moderately incrassate. 



In damp, shady woods on rotten logs, stumps, wet soil, rocks, etc., often 

 in swamps. From New Brunswick to the Carolinas and Alabama and west to 

 the Rocky Mountain region. 



Not uncommon in our region but rather rarely found in fruit. Known from Allegheny, 

 Aimstrong, Bedford, Butler, Cameron, Clarion, Crawford, Elk, Erie, Fayette, Forest, 

 McKean (Porter), Somerset, Tioga, Venango, Warren, Washington, and Westmoreland 

 counties. Specimen figured: Moon Township, Allegheny Co., 1889. J.A.S. 



3. Climacium Kindbergii (Renauld and Cardot) Grout 



(C. americanum var. Kindbergii Renauld and Cardot) 



Plate XXXV 



Dark yellowish-green to almost black, usually rather densely cespitose: 

 secondary stems about 3-6 cm tall, sometimes indistinctly dendroidal, stout, 

 castaneous, bearing along the stem rather scattered widely ovate leaves about 

 3-4 mm long, leaves not sulcate, plane-margined, sub-clasping at base, acute 

 and almost entire at apex, strongly costate into the apex; basal cells in a wide 

 area, rather thin-walled, large, rectangular to rhombic-oblong, often somewhat 

 brownish, above quickly passing into linear prosenchymatous cells about 10- 

 15:1, the apical cells shorter and rhombic oblong; branches densely tufted, 

 ascending to widely spreading, 1.5-2.5 cm long; branch-leaves about 1.5-2.5 mm 

 long, broadly lance-ovate, somewhat clasping by the auriculate base with 

 rounded auricles, strongly sulcate, apex obtuse to acute, margin plane, serrate 

 in upper half, strongly costate almost to the apex; median leaf-cells of the 

 branch-leaves oblong-hexagonal, 2-3:1, somewhat incrassate, the basal short 

 rhombic to quadrate-rectangular in the auricles, the median basal longer with 

 rounded ends, incrassate and more or less castaneous-pellucid : sporogonium not 

 seen from our region but described as having the seta more flexuous and con- 

 siderably longer than in C. americanum; capsule 4-6 mm in length; peristome- 

 teeth perforate. 



In swamps and pools in woods from New England to Indiana and the 

 Gulf States. According to Grout, less common inland. 



Bedford Co.: Raystown Branch, lYi mi. s. of Schellburg. C.M.B. July 19, 1941. 

 Butler Co.: Outlet of West Liberty Bog. C.M.B. Nov. 26, 1948. Crawford Co.: 

 Twin Lakes, Pymatuning Swamp. C.M.B. July 5, 1947. Erie Co.: Among shrubs in 

 swamp, Presque Isle. Nelle Ammons. Aug. 3, 1935. Fayette Co.: Along margin of 

 densely shaded mountain stream. Meadow Run Valley, four miles south of Ohio Pyle, 

 September 1-3, 1906. O.E.J, and G.K.J, (figured); Near Falls, Ohio Pyle, Oct. 12, 

 1935. C. M. Boardman. Mercer Co.: One mile north of North Liberty, on tree root 

 in wet woods. May 30, 1935. C.M.B.; In swamp, North Liberty, April 14, 1935. Sid- 

 ney K. Eastwood. 



Family 26. Leucodontaceae 



Dioicous, rarely autoicous: antheridial shoots gemmiform, axillary; arche- 

 gonial clusters terminal on short perichaetial branches; both kinds on secondary 



