Jennings: Manual of Mosses — 27. Neckeraceae 189 



2-senate; peristome double, inserted at the mouth; teeth linear-subulate from 

 a broader base, yellow to brownish, apically hyaline, mostly transversely striate 

 and with well-developed lamellae; inner peristome yellow, papillose, marked 

 with fine transverse lines on outer surface of basal plates; basal membrane 

 high, carinate, segments longer and almost as broad as the teeth, broken 

 through in places along the keel, cilia mostly rudimentary and fugaceous, 

 sometimes well developed and appendiculate: lid conic, obliquely rostrate; 

 calyptra cucullate, mostly glabrous; spores small, brownish. 



About 20 species on trees, rocks, and stones, mostly in temperate regions; 

 4 species in North America; one species in our region. 



1. HoMALiA Jamesii Schimper 



In straggling tufts, shining yellow-green, repeatedly distichous, stolonifer- 

 ous: stems slender, interruptedly foliate by the numerous innovations; the 

 branches strongly complanate-foliate; leaves cultriform, sub-falcate, oblong, 

 obtusely apiculate, minutely serrulate above the middle, striolate lengthwise 

 when dry; costa faint, slender, reaching half-way or more; lower median leaf- 

 cells linear-fusiform, the apical and marginal about 1.5-1:1, about as broad as 

 long, rhomboidal: seta about 1.5 cm long, slender; capsule erect to cernuous, 

 oblong-cylindric, about 2.5:1, symmetric, when dry scarcely constricted below 

 the mouth; peristome double, teeth long, yellowish, confluent at base; inner 

 peristome about as long as the teeth, the segments narrow, sub-linear, more or 

 less carinately perforate, cilia rudimentary and solitary or none; annulus pres- 

 ent; spores mature in fall but capsules rarely found. 



On rocks and in crevices, in mountainous or hilly districts; from New- 

 foundland and Nova Scotia to Pennsylvania, also in Washington State. Pos- 

 sibly will be found to occur in the eastern part of our region. 



3. PoROTRiCHUM Bridel 



(Thamnntm Bryologia Europaea ) 



Dioicous or, rarely, autoicous; mostly robust to very robust, with a long, 

 creeping primary stem: the primary stem has scale-'ike leaves, and is more 

 or less densely brown-radiculose; the secondary stem erect to ascending, without 

 branches below, stoloniferous, somewhat dendroid in habit; branches spreading, 

 flattened, obtuse; leaves erect-spreading to spreading, plane to concave, smooth 

 to plicate, not rugose, non-decurrent, unsymmetric, mostly oblong to ovate or 

 ovate-lingulate, the apex obtuse to acute, serrate; costa strong, mostly incom- 

 plete; median leaf-cells parenchymatous, the basal sometimes linear; inner 

 perichaetial leaves lanceolate-acuminate and spreading from a half-sheathing 

 base: seta various, mostly 10-15 mm long, in certain species not more than 4 

 mm, in others up to 4 cm. long, red, smooth; capsule inclined to horizontal, 

 arcuate, gibbous, rarely erect, symmetric, and oval; annulus revolute; peristome- 

 teeth lanceolate to linear, subulate-acuminate, yellowish, bordered, with a 

 zig-zag divisural; inner peristome pale yellow, basal membrane prominent, 

 segments broad, carinately split and gaping; cilia often appendiculate; spores 

 small; lid conic, rostrate; calyptra cucullate, glabrous. 



