Jennings: Manual of Mosses — 34. Brachythfciaceae 289 



acuminate, concave, with the borders reflexed below, the upper half serrulate, 

 the leaf non-plicate or but slightly plicate; narrowed and somewhat decurrent 

 at the base; costa usually reaching beyond the middle of the leaf; branch-leaves 

 similar to the stem-leaves but relatively narrower and smaller; median leaf-cells 

 linear- flexuose, about 51-0:1, medium-walled, prosenchymatous with rounded 

 ends, apical cells a little shorter, the basal sub-quadrate or sub-rectangular, the 

 alar numerous and sub-quadrste to quadrate, rather thin-walled and sub- 

 inflated: seta erect, castaneous, flexuous, about 1-1.5 cm long; capsule castane- 

 ous, erect, the urn 1.5-3 mm long, symmetric or sometimes slightly curved, 

 cylindric, about 3.5-4.5:1, tapering at base; lid high-conic, acute to apiculate; 

 exothecial cells densely yellowish-incrassate, small, rounded but varying to 

 quite irregular in size and shape but with rounded comers; peristome-teeth 

 narrow, castaneous, margined, numerously trabeculate, hyaline and papillose 

 above, dorsally cross-striate below, the lamellae distinct, teeth confluent at 

 base; segments about as long as the teeth, narrow, carinately split, cilia rudi- 

 mentary or none, the basal membrane only about one-fourth as high as the 

 teeth; annulus none; spores castaneous, papillose, medium-walled, about .014- 

 .018 mm, mature in l.ate fall or in winter. 



On earth, woods-humus, roots and bases of trees, stones, and very often 

 en rotten logs, forming wide mats, in woods from the southeastern part of 

 Canada to the Gulf States and Minnesota. 



Rather common m our region. Allegheny Co.: Thirteen pockets determined from 

 various localities, mainly on old logs in ravines. O.E.J, and G.K.J. ; Fern Hollow, Janu- 

 ary 21, 1906. O.E.J, (figured). Beaver Co.: Eight feet up the trunk of elm tree. Rac- 

 coon Creek, 1 mi. s. of Traverse Creek. C.M.B. April 1, 1934. Clearfield Co.: 

 Phillipsburg. T. P. James. (Porter's Catalogue). McKean Co.: Gate's Hollow, Brad- 

 ford, April 29, 1898. D.A.B. Issued as Grout's No. 116, North American Musci 

 Pleurocarpi. Washington Co.: On decayed wood, near Washington. Linn 8C Simon- 

 ton, No. 24. Oct., 1891. Westmoreland Co.: Near Apollo, 1902. Miss K. R. 

 Holmes; Greensburg, T. P. James. (Porter's Catalogue). 



4. Brachythecium Bryologia Europaea 



Autoicous or dioicous: slender to robust, mostly widely and flatly cespitose, 

 green or yellowish to whitish, sometimes lustrous: stems creeping or procum- 

 bent, sometimes more or less erect, thickly-leaved, irregularly divided, inter- 

 ruptedly pinnate, stolon-like at the apex; stem and branch-leaves unlike, stem- 

 leaves erect-spreading to spreading, more or less concave, mostly plicate, 

 narrowly lanceolate from a narrowed, ovate or triangular-cordate and decur- 

 rent base, acuminate, marginally plane, serrate all around or only towards the 

 apex, rarely entire; costa simple, usually long but rarely complete; median 

 leaf-cells narrow to moderately wide, elongate-rhomboid to linear, smooth, the 

 basal more lax, and shorter, the alar quadrate to rectangular or oblong-hexag- 

 onal, forming a rather indefinitely bounded group; branch-leaves mostly 

 shorter, narrower, with a somewhat weaker costa; inner perichaetial leaves slen- 

 derly and finely acuminate: seta more or less long, smooth to rough; capsule 

 cernuous to horizontal, rarely erect, mostly short-ovoid and dorsally gibbous, 

 rarely oblong-cylindric, slightly arcuate when dry and empty; usually annu- 



