Bailey & Bailey: Woody Plants of National Parks 33 



Stems olive-green, the branches spreading 2. E. nevadensis. 



Branches flexuous, in pairs or in 3's. 



Branches and leaf-scales in 3's; in Zion and Grand Canyon National Parks 



3. E. Torrtyana. 



Branches and leaf-scales in pairs; in Mesa Verde National Park 



4. £. antisyipbililica. 



1. Green Ephedra (Ephedra viridis Gov.), fig. 4. — Erect shrubs I1/2 

 to 3 feet high, the branches bright yellowish-green, stoutish, appearing leaf- 

 less, borne in erect broom-like clusters; pollen-bearing and seed-bearing flowers 

 borne on separate plants, in scaly cone-like structures, these borne in pairs 

 at the stem-joints. 



Occurrence. — ZION : Coalpits Wash, 4,000 feet. GRAND CANYON, common, 4,000 to 

 8,000 feel. North Rim: Bright Angel Point; Cape Royal. South Rim: along rim 

 drives; rim trail between Yavapai and Yaki Pomts. Canyon: Bright Angel trail; 

 Kaibab trail below both rims; Hermit trail. 



Fig. 5. Nevada ephedra (Ephedra nevadensis). 



