Bailey bc Bailey: Woody Plants of National Parks 55 



woolly, short-stalked, the styles reddish, 1 to I1/2 mm. long. This species 

 forms thickets in bogs. 



Occurrence.- — GLACIER, common, 4,500 to 7,000 feet: below Swiftcurrent Lake; 

 Indian Pass trail above Glenns Lake; Otokomi Lake; head of Red Eagle valley; 

 Going-to-the-Sun Highway above Avalanche campgrounds; Blackfeet Highway over- 

 looking Lower Two-Medicme Lake. 



47. Satiny Willow (Salix pellita Anderss.). — Large shrubs or some- 

 times a small tree; branchlets dark brown or olive; leaves linear-lance-shaped 

 to reverse-lance-shaped, 2 to 5 inches long, smooth above, white-velvety below, 

 especially when young, the margins sometimes irregularly scalloped, but not 

 toothed; catkins leafy-bracted at base, appearing with the leaves; stamens 2, 

 the filaments smooth, distinct; capsules densely white-hairy, short-stalked, the 

 styles yellowish. 



Occurrence. — Reported from ISLE ROYALE by W. S. Cooper. 



Birch Family (Betulaceae) 

 Field Guide to the Genera 



Fruits borne in small cone-like structures. 



Leaf blades 1/3 to 2 inches long; cones oblong, borne singly, composed of thin 



papery scales, falling to pieces on the tree BETULA, p. 55. 



Leaf-blades 1 J/2 to 4 inches long; cones oval, borne in clusters of several, com- 

 posed of small thickish woody scales, not falling to pieces on tree 



ALNUS, p. 57. 



Fruits not borne in cone-like structures. 



Fruits hard-shelled nuts (hazelnuts), each enclosed by a hairy sheath-like in- 

 volucre which extends beyond the nut as a fringed tube; male and 

 female flowers borne on the same plants; occurs in Pacific Coast parks 

 CORYLUS, p. 59. 



Fruits small nutlets, each surrounded by a loose, papery, bladder-like sac, these 

 clustered at the ends of short stems; male and female flowers borne on 

 different plants; occurs in Grand Canyon National Park ....OSTRYA, p. 60. 



Birch (Betula L.) 



The birches are commonly found along streams or in moist locations in 

 our national parks. The tree species are most conspicuous, especially in the 

 northern parks, but shrubby species are also common, particularly in the 

 Rocky Mountains. Birch flowers are borne in slender catkins. The fruits 

 are seed-like nutlets, mostly winged on the sides. They fall with their scales 

 from the axis of the catkins when mature. 



Field Guide to the Species 



Leaves thinnish, egg-shaped, i to 2 inches long, pointed at the tips, irregularly 



double-toothed with pointed teeth; wings of fruits broader than nutlets; 



tall shrubs or small trees I. D. fontmalis. 



Leaves thickish, roundish to reverse-egg-shaped or wedge-shaped, 1/3 to IJ/2 inches 



long, the margins with coarse blunt teeth; wings of fruits mostly narrower 



than nutlets or nearly lacking; shrubs. 



