Bailey sc Bailey: Woody Plants of National Parks 113 



food and the roots were used medicinally. Some of the species are browsed 

 considerably by deer and elk. 



Field Guide to the Species 



Native or well-established species; sepals not divided (rarely lobed in R. acicular- 

 is) ; sepals persistent (except R. gvmnocarpa). 

 Leaflets 5 to 7 (of 9); fruits smooth or only slightly hairy, not bristly; shrubs 

 mostly more than 2 feet high. 

 Flowers mostly solitary (or 2 or 3), on short lateral branches 1 to 4 inches 

 long. 

 Stems slender; leaflets 1/3 to 1 inch long; flowers mostly less than 2 

 inches across; fruits mostly less than '/2 inch thic.\. 



Fruits usually pendent, naked; flowers about 1 inch across 



I . R. syimnocarpa. 



Fruits erect, the sepals remaining at maturity; flowers l'/4 to 



nearly 2 inches across 2. R. pinelorum. 



Stems stout; leaflets % to 2 or 2'/2 inches long; flowers mostly 2 or 

 more inches across; fruits '/2 inch thick or more. 

 Prickles short, weak, or the branches unarmed. 



Stems mostly unarmed; leaf-rachis softly hairy, not glandular 



3. R. blanda. 



Stems usually more or less bristly, at least the lower; leaf- 

 rachis glandular-hairy 4. R. acicularis. 



Prickles stout; stems often with finer bristles also. 



Stems mostly over 3 feet high; prickles straight, slender; 



northern species 5. R. nulkana. 



Stems mostly less than 3 feet high; prickles m.ostly recurved; 



southwestern species 6. R. manca. 



Flowers mostly in clusters of several to many, on long lateral branches 

 more than 4 inches long. 

 Sepals about j/g inch wide, more or less narrowed at base; buds egg- 

 shaped; found on Pacific Slope. 

 Stems coarse, armed with few to many stout recurved prickles; 



leaflets hairy on both sides 7. R. callfonnca. 



Stems slender, armed with weak slender prickles or nearly un- 

 armed 8. R. pisocarpa. 



Sepals narrower, about 1/16 inch wide, not narrowed at base; buds 



taperino; found in Rocky Mountains and Southwest 



9. R. IVoodsi 



Leaflets 3 to 5 ; fruits bristly with stiff hairs; low shrubs not over 2 feet high. 

 Branches bristly with slender prickles or almost unarmed; flowsrs about I 



inch across; found in Sierra Nevada parks 10. R. spilhamea. 



Branches armed with long prickles; flowers IJ/2 to 2J/2 inches across; 



found at Grand Canyon 11. R. siellaia. 



Species escaped from cultivation; rare in the parks; sepals usually divided into 

 several lobes, finally falling from fruits. 



Flower-stalks and receptacles usually smooth 12. R. caitina. 



Flower-stalks and receptacles glandular-bristly. 



Leaflets roundish to oval; found in Olympic National Park 



13. R. Eglaiiteria. 



Leaflets elliptic to narrowly reverse-egg-shaped; noted from Isle Royale 



14. R. viroiniana. 



