118 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 4 



inches across; fruits broadly top-shaped, about 1/2 inch thick, dull reddish, 

 covered with stiff bristles. (Syn. R. mirifica Greene.) 



Occurrence. — grand canyon: Mesa Eremita, 6,500 feet; Powell's Plateau. 



12. Dog Rose (Rosa canina L.). — Spreading shrub up to 9 feet high, 

 the branches often arching; stems armed with stout prickles; leaflets 5 to 7, 

 oval to elliptic, % to 1 1/2 inches long, smooth on both sides or slightly hairy 

 below; flowers 1 to 3, light pink or white, II/2 to 2 inches across, the flower- 

 stalks usually smooth; sepals usually divided into several lobes, becoming re- 

 flexed and finally falling from fruits; fruits scarlet, ellipsoid, about I/2 to 1% 

 inches long, usually smooth. 



Occurrence. — OLYMPIC: Solduc Hot Springs. 



13. SwEETBRiER RoSE {Rosa E giant eria L.). — Much-branched shrub with 

 aromatic herbage; prickles strong, flat, hooked, mostly just below the leaves; 

 leaflets 5 to 7, roundish to oval, ^2 to 1^ inches long, smooth and dark 

 green above, hairy below, glandular on both sides; flowers 1 to 3, bright pink, 

 li/^ to 2 inches across, the flower-stalks glandular-bristly; sepals divided into 

 several lobes, spreading and later falling from fruits; fruits orange-red, globose 

 to egg-shaped, about ^ to % inch long, usually more or less glandular-bristly. 

 (Syn. R. rubiginosa L.) 



Occurrence. — OLYMPIC: Skokomish River. 



14. Virginia Rose (Rosa yhginiana Mill.). — Erect shrub with stout 

 more or less hooked prickles; leaflets 7 to 9, elliptic to narrowly reverse-egg- 

 shaped, % to 1^2 inches long, dark green and lustrous above, smooth on both 

 sides except sometimes on veins below; flowers solitary or few, 2 to 2^^ 

 inches across, the flower-stalks and receptacles glandular-bristly; outer sepals 

 sometimes with 1 or 2 small lobes; fruits about ^ inch thick, more or less 

 glandular-bristly. 



Occurrence. — isle ROYALE: A foim of this species has apparently escaped cultivation 

 and persisted at McCargo Cove along trail to Minong Mine. 



Hawthorn (Crataegus L.) 



Field Guide to the Species 



Leaves deeply cut; thorns about '74 to 1 inch long; berries black; occurs in Pacific 



coast and Rocky Mountain parks 1. C. Douglasi. 



Leaves less deeply cut; thorns 1 to 2 inches long; berries red; occurs in Rocky 



Mountain National Park 2. C chrysocarpa. 



1. Douglas Hawthorn (Crataegus Douglasi Lindl.), fig. 54. — Stout 

 shrub or small, round-topped tree, 5 to 24 feet high, with shiny red twigs; 

 leaves oblong to more or less egg-shaped, 1 to 2 (or 4) inches long, irregu- 

 larly double-toothed, dark green above, paler below; flowers white, ill-smelling, 

 borne in flattish clusters at the ends of the branches; petals about ^4 to 1/3 

 inch long; fruits black or purplish-black, apple-like, 1/3 to ^2 inch long. 



Black hawthorn is the common hawthorn of the northwestern United 



