Bailey sc Bailey: Woody Plants of National Parks 129 



pods which often turn reddish at maturity as do also the leaves in the Fall. 

 The plants are found in various locations, in open woods, along streams, or 

 on open rocky slopes or ridges. The foliage is browsed to a certain extent by 

 deer and elk. (Syn. Opulaster Medic.) 



Field Guide to the Species 



Shrubs found in Rocky Mountain parks; pods 2 (rarely 3), abruptly short-pointed, 

 scarcely more than '/g inch long, more or less flattened and with conspicu- 

 ous ridge down the back, united from base to middle or above, more or less 

 white woolly. 



Shrubs usually less than 3 feet high; leaf -blades mostly less than 1 inch long, 



1/3 to I '/4 inches long; leaf-stalks Yl inch or less long — 



...1 . P. monogynus. 



Shrubs 3 to 6 feet high; leaf -blades mostly more than I inch long; leaf -stalks 

 1/3 to I '/4 inches long. 



Bracts at base of flower-stems all membranous and scale-like, soon falling 



2. P. malvaceus. 



Bracts at base of lower flower-stems often leaf-like and persistent 



3. P. bracteatus. 



Shrubs found in Pacific Slope parks or on Isle Royale; pods 3 to 5, '74 to % inch 

 long, with long tapering tips, more or less inflated, united only at base or 

 slightly above, not hairy when mature. 

 Leaves usually finely woolly below; flower-stalks and calyces densely woolly; 



occurs on Pacific slope 4. P. capilalus. 



Leaves smooth below or nearly so; flower-stalks and calyces smooth or only 



sparingly hairy; found en Isle Royale 5. P. opulifolius. 



1. Mountain Ninebark (Physocarpus monogynus (Torr.) Coult.). — 



Shrubs usually less than 3 feet high; often with main stem lying along the 



ground; bark brownish; leaf-blades 1/3 to 1^ inches long, broadly egg-shaped 



to kidney-shaped, the leaf-stalks 1/2 inch long or less; pods usually 2, usually 



united to above the middle, i/g inch long, densely white-hairy. 



Occurrei}cc. — rocky mountain, 9,000 feet and above; trail to the Loch; trail to 

 Lake Mills. 



2. Mallow Ninebark (Physocarpus malvaceus Kuntze). — Leaf-blades 

 1 to 21/2 inches long, roundish to broadly egg-shaped, green above, paler below; 

 leaf-stalks 1/3 to % inch long; bracts at base of flower stems all membranous 

 and scale-like, soon falling. 



Occurrence. — GLACIER, rare: Belton, around park headquarters. YELLOWSTONE. 



GRAND TETON. 



3. TwiNPOD Ninebark (Physocarpus bracteatus (Rydb.) Rehd.). — 

 Differs from mallow ninebark in having some of lower bracts at base of 

 flower stems often leaf-like and persistent. 



Occurrence. — ROCKY mountain : northeast of Moraine Park, 8,300 feet. 



4. Pacific Ninebark (Physocarpus capitatus (Pursh) Kuntze), fig. 65. 

 — Erect or straggly shrub 3 to 5 feet high, sometimes producing prostrate 

 branches 15 or 20 feet long; old bark loose and shaggy; leaf-blades broadly 



