Bailey &. Bailey: Woody Plants of National Parks 213 



long, the margins not toothed; flowers scarlet, 1 to II/4 inches long, borne in 

 narrow branched clusters; sterile filament not bearded; anthers not woolly. 



Occurrence. YOSEMITE. RINGS CANYON: East Lake. SEQUOIA. MESA VERDE. ZION. 



GRAND CANYON. 



10. Cow-tobacco {Penstemon ambtguus Torr. subsp. laevissimus 

 Keck) . — Much-branched bush with stems woody at the base, 2 to 5 feet high; 

 leaves linear, 1 to 2 inches long, green, smooth or very finely hairy; flowers 

 pink or rose-color, about 1/2 inch long, borne in narrow branched clusters; 

 sterile filament not bearded; anthers not woolly. 



Occurrence. — BRYCE CANYON. ZlON. 



11. Toadflax Penstemon {Penstemon linarioides Gray). — More or 

 less prostrate woody-based dwarf with leaves closely covering the lower stems; 

 leaves linear or awl-shaped, I/4 to ^4 inch long, pointed at the tip; flowers 

 blue, about % inch long; sterile stamen more or less bearded; anthers not 

 woolly. Two subspecies are recognized in the national parks. (Syn. P. 

 abietinus Pennell.) 



11a. Siler Toadflax Penstemon (Subspecies Silen (Gray) Greene). 



— Plants green, smooth or thinly hairy; sterile filaments bearded. 



Occurrence. — BRYCE canyon, 6,000 feet. ZlON : south of junction of highway no. 

 89 with Alton road, 7,000 feet. GRAND CANYON, common in the forest on the South 

 Rim, about 7,000 feet: Grand Canyon Village; Grandview Pomt; 2 miles south of 

 Yaki Point. 



lib. Colorado Penstemon (Subspecies coloradoensis Keck). — Plants 

 whitish or grayish with fine appressed hairs; sterile filaments not bearded. 

 (Syn. P. coloradoensis Nels.). 



Occurrence. — MESA VERDE. 



Catalpa Family (Bignoniaceae) 



Desert Willow (Chilopsis linearis (Cav.) Sweet). — Large shrub to 

 small tree, 10 to 20 feet high, branched from the base with many slender 

 willow-like stems; leaves mostly alternate, linear or linear-Iance-shaped, 2 to 5 

 inches long, sharp-pointed, green on both sides, not toothed; flowers pink to 

 whitish, showy, 1 to 2 inches long, broadly funnel-shaped, 2-lipped, borne in 

 few-flowered clusters at the ends of the branchlets; capsules linear, 4 to 10 

 inches long; many seeded; seeds oblong, flattish, with long silky hairs at 

 both ends. 



Occurrence. — GRAND CANYON, rare m the canyon: Havasu Canyon, 3,500 feet. 



Madder Family (Rubiaceae) 



Bedstraw (Galium stellatum Kell. var. eremicum Hilend 8C Howell). — 

 Low, much-branched plant 5 to 12 inches high, with slender woody lower 

 stems; stems 4-angIed; leaves narrowly egg-shaped to lance-shaped, about Y^ 

 to y2 inch long, the older stiffish and sharp-pointed, borne in circles of 4; 



