230 American Midland Naturalist Monograph No. 4 



Corollas yellow, 2-lipped; involucre compK)sed of a single 

 series of equal bracts and several broad leaf-like 



bracts below; leaves not toothed or few-toothed 



TRIXIS, p. 250. 



Corollas white or pinkish, not 2-lipped; involucre composed 

 of unequal bracts overlapping in several series; 

 leaves toothed BRICKELLIA, p. 251. 



Leaf-blades oblong to lance-shaped, toothed or lobed. 



Ray flowers none; heads white or yellow. 



Flowers white, the male and female heads borne on 



separate plants BACCHARIS, p. 253. 



Flowers yellow, the heads all alike APLOPAPPUS, p. 243. 



Ray flowers conspicuous, purple, the center flowers yellow 



ASTER, p. 255. 



Leaf-blades not toothed; flowers yellow; pappus none or rarely with 2 



slender hairs; low round-topped shrubs ENCELIA, p. 255. 



Golden Yarrow Eriophyllum (Eriophyllum confertiflomm Gray). — 

 Plants % to 2 feet high with white-woolly herbage; stems woody at the base; 

 leaves 1/3 to 1 inch long, divided into 3 to 7 linear divisions, crowded on 

 the stems, especially below; flower heads yellow, composed of several central 

 disk flowers surrounded by 4 or 5 petal-like ray flowers (the latter sometimes 

 lacking), borne in compact, often head-like clusters at the ends of the stems; 

 seed-like fruits (achenes) nearly linear, each with a ring of about 8 chaffy 

 scales at the top. 



Occurrence. — VOSEMITE: Wawona, 5,000 feet. 



Douglas Groundsel (Senecio Douglasi DC). — Widely branched bush 

 2 to 6 feet high, the stems densely covered with leaves; leaves 1 to 3 inches 

 long, divided into several linear divisions, at first white- woolly, later becoming 

 green; flowers yellow, borne in narrowly bell -shaped heads with a series of 

 petal-like ray flowers on the outside; involucre composed of a single inner 

 row of linear bracts of about equal length tightly surrounding the head and 

 an outer series of short spreading bracts; seed-like fruits (achenes) with a 

 brush of soft white hairs or bristles at the top. 



Occurrence. — YOSEMITE, up to about 4,000 feet. 



Sagebrush, Wormwood (Artemisia L.) 



There are several widely different forms of sagebrush represented in the 

 parks, but all are easily recognized by the silvery-gray color of the foliage 

 and by the strongly aromatic or "sagey" odor which is so familiar. All the 

 species are of some value as browse, some being of more use than others. Big 

 sagebrush is especially widespread and important as food for deer. It is said 

 that cattle in the sagebrush country often acquire a "sage hunger" and may 

 feed on sagebrush alone for several days or until this hunger is appeased. 

 The largest areas covered by big sagebrush are in the dry plains or plateau 

 regions where it commonly occurs in pure stands. The leaves and twigs of 

 most of the species have a p>eculiar bitter-aromatic quality which gives them 

 the reputation of having tonic properties. A decoction of the leaves and 

 twigs was used medicinally by the Indians of certain regions. 



