Carpenter et al.: Mos:^uitoes op Southern U. S. 49 



Flagellum of antenna 13 segmented; wings with scales at least on fringe, vein Sc 



extending beyond base of vein 2 2 



2. Mouth parts short; scales almost confined to wing fringe (veins clothed, for most 



part, with long hairs) Chaoborinae 



Mouth parts prolonged into the form of a proboscis; wing veins with scales 



CitUcinac 



PUPAE 



1. Swimming paddles fused and incapable of movement 



Dixinae and Chaoborinae (in part) 



Swimming paddles free and movable 2 



2. Respiratory horn on thorax either almost closed, or if open, with the spiracular 



opening near its middle Chaoborinae 



Respiratory horn on thorax open at the tip and with the spiracular opening at its 

 base Culicinae 



LARVAE 



1. Thorax narrow and with distinct segmentation Dixinae 



Thorax distinctly broader than abdomen and without distinct segmentation 2 



2. Antennae prehensile, with long and strong apical spines Chaoborinae 



Antenna not prehensile Culicinae 



Subfamily Culicinae 



The subfamily Culicinae is divided into three tribes: Anophelini, Megar- 

 hinini and Culicini. Important characters for separating the three tribes in the 

 larval, pupal and adult stages are presented in the following keys: 



Keys to Tribes 



ADULTS 



1. Abdomen unsealed, or at least the sternites largely bare; palpi of female nearly 



as long as proboscis (except in Bironella) Anophelini, p. 50 



Abdomen densely scaled both dorsally and ventrally; palpi of female short (in 

 some Megarhinini they may be nearly 2/^ as long as proboscis) 2 



2. Proboscis rigid, the basal half thickened, and apical half strongly downcurved; 



scutellum rounded Megarhinini, p. 83 



Proboscis not rigid, of nearly uniform thickness, not down-curved at apical half; 

 scutellum trilobed Culicini, p. 88 



PUPAE 



1. Lateral apical hairs spine-like on abdominal segments III to VI and placed 



almost exactly at the apical corners of the segment Anophelini 



Lateral apical hairs on abdominal segments III to VI each consisting of a single 

 hair or a branched hair and placed well before the apical corners of the segment....2 



2. Outer part of the swimming paddles lobe-like and extending beyond tip of the 



midrib .....Megarhinini^ 



Outer part of the swimming paddles not lobe-like and not longer than midrib....Cii/icini 



LARVAE 



1. Eighth abdominal segment without an elongate dorsal siphon Anophelini 



Eighth abdominal segment with an elongate dorsal siphon which is as long or 



longer than broad '.".. 



2. Mouth brushes prehensile, each composed of ten stout rods Megarhinini 



Mouth brushes composed of 30 or more hairs (prehensile only in subgenus 



Psorophora) Culicini 



