Carpenter et al.: Mosquitoes of Southern U. S. 153 



width; pecten of 3 to 4 widely spaced teeth on basal third of siphon; siibventral 

 tuft small, 4 to 6-branched, inserted beyond middle of siphon. Anal segment 

 at least one and one-half times as long as wide, completely ringed by the dorsal 

 plate; lateral hair single, about 4-branched apically; dorsal brush consisting of a 

 long lower caudal hair and a shorter multiple upper caudal tuft on either side; 

 ventral brush extending almost the entire length of the anal segment; gills 4, 

 longer than the segment, pointed. 



DISTRIBUTION. — Southern United States north to Indiana and west to 

 Texas; Mexico; Central and South America. Southern States: Alabama 

 (170); Arkansas (30); Florida and Georgia (96); Kentucky (140); Louisi- 

 ana and Mississippi (96); Missouri (1); North Carolina (166); South Caro- 

 lina (125); Tennessee (96); Virginia (49). Other States: Indiana (76); 

 Oklahoma (159); Texas (130). 



BIONOMICS. — The females are vicious biters, attacking any time during the 

 day. Adults of this species have been reported by Horsfall (83) and Carpen- 

 ter (30) as occurring in swarms in woodlands along creeks in Arkansas 

 following flooding in the spring. Larvae develop in temporary floodwater pools. 

 This species has been collected from April to September in the southern states 

 (4th Sv. C. Med. Lab. records, 1942-1944, unpublished). 



PsoROPHORA (Grabhamia) conhnnis (Lynch Arribalzaga) 



Taeniorhynchus confinnis Lynch Arribalzaga, 1891, Rev. Mus. de la Plata, 2:149. 

 Psorophora {Crahhamia) confinnis. Aitken, 1940, Rev. de Enf., 11:677 (Synonymy 

 given). 



ADULT FEMALE. — Medium sized to rather large species. Head: Proboscis 

 dark scaled, except for a very wide median whitish-yellow band (width about 

 equal to half the length of the proboscis); palpi short, dark, with apical half 

 of fourth segment primarily white scaled. Occiput clothed dorsally with narrow 

 white to pale violet scales and numerous black erect forked scales; a patch of 

 broad flat dark scales usually present laterally, followed by broad dingy-white 

 to light brown scales. Thorax: Integument of scutum dull black, clothed with 

 fine narrow bronzy-brown to blackish scales, except for the prescutellar space, 

 a lunate patch on antero-lateral angle of scutum, a streak on scutal angle, a 

 lateral patch above wing base, and a small submedian spot near middle of 

 scutum, each whitish-scaled, usually tinted with lavender. Abdomen: First 

 tergite whitish scaled. Remaining tergites dark, with whitish to pale-yellow 

 scaled apical markings in the form of paired submedian patches; these apical 

 submedian patches triangular on the anterior segments, becoming subquadrate 

 on the posterior segments; the patches on II and III frequently joined medial- 

 ly, those on III to VII usually well separated. Venter clothed with intermixed 

 dark and pale scales. Legs: White knee spots present. Femora largely pale 

 scaled on inner surfaces, the outer surfaces dark-brown to black scaled, liberally 

 speckled with white scales; each femur with a narrow subapical white-scaled 

 ring. Tibiae black, with numerous small white-scaled spots on outer surfaces. 

 Segments of hind tarsus each with a broad white basal ring, the first segment 

 with a pale median ring as well. Fore- and mid- tarsi similarly marked, but with 

 white rings reduced or lacking on segment 4, absent on 5. Wing: Scales rather 



