Carpenter et al.: Mosquitoes of Southern U. S. 159 



ADULT MALE. — Coloration similar to that of female, but with the ring of 

 the proboscis narrower. TERMINALIA (Fig. 82B). Nirith tergite (IX-T) with 

 lobes (IXT-L) broadly rounded, widely separated, each bearing many scat- 

 tered seta. Tenth sternke (X-S) prominent, heavily sclerotized. Phallosome 

 (Ph) subcylindrical (slightly narrower across apical third than across base), 

 bluntly pointed or rounded at apex, open ventrally, closed dorsally; middle of 

 each plate with a distinct triangular projection turned ventro-laterally from its 

 inner ventral margin. Claspette (CI) with stem curved, slender, expanded apical- 

 ly into a triangular crown; lower portion of crown attached to basal third of 

 basistyle; apical portion free and bearing a row of five or six long pointed apical- 

 ly feathered blades and a single apically feathered seta. Basistyle (Bs) nearly 

 two and one-half times as long as broad, cylindrical, curved, nearly truncate 

 at apex, clothed with scales and numerous long setae; basal and apical lobes 

 absent. Disti style (Ds) reticulated, about three-fifths as long as basistyle, 

 strongly inflated medially, tapering distally, slender and curved near tip, 

 terminating in a peg-like claw (Ds-C). 



LARVA. (Fig. 83). — Head broader than long. Antenna longer than head, 

 inflated, sinuate, spinose; antennal tuft multiple, barbed, reaching apex of anten- 

 na; a pair of long spines inserted on the inner projection of the antennal shaft 

 at distal fourth; tip of antenna with a short subapical spine, a short apical spine 

 and a membranous papilla. Head hairs: Preantennal (A) long, double, slightly 

 barbed; lower (B) and upper (C) very long, single, slightly barbed; postcly- 

 peal (d) small, branched, inserted posterior to upper (C) ; sutural (e) and 

 trans-sutural (f) usually double or triple; supraorbital single, or branched 

 toward tip. Upper lateral abdominal hairs multiple on segments I and II, 

 usually double on segments III to V. Comb of eighth segment of six large 

 thorn-shaped scales; individual scale trifid, with long central tooth. Siphon 

 small, not inflated, about three times as long as basal width (much narrower 

 than anal segment) ; pecten of about 4 to 8 long teeth on basal half of siphon; 

 subventral tuft multiple, as long as siphon, strongly barbed, inserted slightly 

 beyond middle; dorsal preapical spine strong, reflexed. Anal segment about as 

 long as wide, completely ringed by the dorsal plate; lateral hair very long, 

 single; dorsal brush consisting of a long lower caudal hair and a shorter 3 to 4- 

 branched upper caudal tuft on either side; ventral brush sparse, with about 

 three tufts piercing the dorsal plate on the mid-ventral line; gills 4, three or 

 four times as long as the anal segment, each conspicuously tracheate. 



DISTRIBUTION. — Southern United States, north to New Jersey and west to 

 Nebraska and Texas. Southern States: Alabama (170); Arkansas (30); Flor- 

 ida (96); Georgia (148); Kentucky (140); Louisiana and Mississippi (96); 

 Missouri (1); North Carolina (166); South Carolina (97); Tennessee (96); 

 Virginia (52). Other States: District of Columbia (52); Iowa, Kansas and 

 Nebraska (128); New Jersey (77); Oklahoma (159); Texas (108). 



BIONOMICS. — This species reaches its greatest abundance in Arkansas, 

 Oklahoma and Texas. Horsfall (86) reports that it constituted about 36 per 

 cent of the total specimens collected in light traps located in the Arkansas rice 

 fields from 1939 to 1941. The females are troublesome biters when abundant. 



