Carpenter et al.: Mosquitoes of Southern U. S. 265 



tuft much longer than basal width of siphon but no more than one-third its 

 length; two 2 to 3-branched subdorsal tufts present; dorsal preapical spine as 

 long or longer than apical pecten tooth, recurved. Anal segment longer than 

 wide, completely ringed by the dorsal plate; lateral hair single or double; dorsal 

 brush consisting of a long caudal hair and an upper caudal tuft of 2 to 3 hairs 

 on either side (one of the upper caudal hairs nearly as long as the lower 

 caudal); ventral brush well-developed, confined to the barred area; gills 4, 

 shorter than the segment, each tapering to a blunt point. 



distribution. — Southern United States, north to New York and west to 

 Nebraska and Texas. Southern States: Alabama (170); Arkansas (30): Flor- 

 ida and Georgia (96); Kentucky (140); Louisiana and Mississippi (96) 

 Missouri (1); North Carolina (166); South Carolina and Tennessee (96) 

 Virginia (49). Other States: Delaware (106); Illinois (54); Indiana (76) 

 Iowa (155, 156); Kansas (128); Maryland (19); Nebraska (178); New 

 York (162); Oklahoma (159); Texas (108). 



BIONOMICS. — The adults may be found in enormous numbers near favor- 

 able breeding places, but are not troublesome biters (30, 82, 83). Observations 

 made by King et al. (96) in Louisiana indicate that the females may attack 

 man at night outdoors but that they have a preference for the blood of fowl. 

 Larvae occur in grassy areas in ponds, lakes, marshes and streams where they 

 are frequently associated with the larvae of Anopheles, particularly A. quad- 

 rimaculatus. Breeding occurs throughout the year in the extreme South, but is 

 more common from May to October farther north (4th Sv. C. Med. Lab. 

 reports, 1942-1944, unpublished). 



CuLEX (Melanoconion) peccator Dyar and Knab 



Culex peccalor Dyar and Knab, 1909, Smiths. Misc. Coll., Quart. Iss., 52:256. 

 Culex peccator King and Bradley, 1937, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 30:350 (synonymy 

 given) . 



ADULT FEMALE. — Small species. Head: Proboscis long, dark, slightly 

 swollen at tip; palpi very short, dark. Occiput clothed with numerous broad 

 appressed scales antero-dorsally and laterally (the antero-dorsal scales dark 

 brown to black, with bronze or metallic blue-green reflection; the lateral scales 

 whitish), and with a median area of brown lanceolate scales posteriorly; dark 

 erect forked scales numerous. Cibarial armature consisting of 7 or 8 teeth 

 (122). Thorax: Integument of scutum dark brown, clothed with fine brown 

 scales. Abdomen: Tergites dark scaled with bronze to metallic blue-green reflec- 

 tion, and with small white basal patches laterally; sternites primarily pale 

 scaled, becoming darker on apical margins of segments. Legs: All legs dark 

 scaled with bronze to metallic blue-green reflection, except for pale inner sur- 

 faces of femora. Wing: Scales all dark. Plume scales narrow; squame scales 

 broader, ligulate to ovate. 



adult MALE. — Coloration similar to that of female. TERMINALia (Fig. 

 148). Ninth tergite (IX-T) weak, broader laterally; lobes (IXT-L) well 

 defined, approximate, triangular, cushion-like, bearing numerous long setae 

 arising from distinct tubercles. Tenth sternite (X-S) crowned with a comb-like 

 row of blunt spines. Phallosome (Ph) of two plates connected basally; each 



