94 NATIONAL TRENDS IN BIOLOGY 



cooperation during a few years, when this dread disease 

 which formerly ravaged the peoples of North and Central 

 and South American tropics and subtropics will no longer 

 be known to them." 



2. The establishment of the National Research Coun- 

 cil organized in 1916 as a measure of national prepared- 

 ness, but continued after the war to encourage and pro- 

 mote research work in the physical and biological sciences, 

 and to encourage the application and dissemination of 

 scientific knowledge for the benefit of the nation. 



3. The establishment by the California Institute of 

 Technology of a department for biological investigations 

 in their relationship to the physical sciences. 



4. The publication of Biological Abstracts (beginning 

 with the literature of 1926) under the auspices of the 

 Union of American Biological Societies. 



The individual workers mentioned are: 

 L Alexis Carrel, who with (2) Ross G. Harrison, has 

 done exceptional work in isolating and culturing not 

 only single cells, but tissues as well, outside the body 

 in which they normally grow. For Carrel's part in this 

 work and in the suturing of blood vessels, he was made 

 Nobel laureate in medicine in 1912. 



3. C. M. Child, whose metabolic gradient theory has 

 proved to be an incentive of importance in embryological 

 speculation. 



4. Jacques Loeb, born a German, but did his great 



