OUTSTANDING WORK AND WORKERS 111 



able work in industrial and agricultural chemistry ; 



9. Charles Richet, in medicine in 1913, for his work and 

 researches on serum-therapy and for his discovery of ana- 

 phylaxis ; 



10. C. L. A. Laveran, in medicine in 1907, for his work 

 on malarial fever and on the haematozoons. 



Germany 



In Germany, the emphasis seems to have been laid on 

 the biological problems of ( 1 ) the inheritance of acquired 

 characteristics, (2) the origin of species, (3) the origin of 

 mutations, (4) animal psychology, (5) embryology and 

 regeneration, and lately (6) the problem of vitalism which 

 has led into psychic research. 



Vitalism is regarded as a problem of philosophy, and is 

 supposed to have been handed over to the philosophers 

 by the biologists, but from the interest displayed by the 

 biologists themselves, it is safe to say that the handing 

 over has not been complete. 



It is interesting to note that only the Holland and the 

 Mexican correspondents were outspoken mechanists, while 

 the Germans, the Americans, the Canadians, and some 

 English workers looked to Emergent Evolution as a theory 

 from which great things may be expected. Not one of 

 these latter was willing to consider himself an out-and-out 

 mechanist ; neither did the majority wish to be classified 

 as out-and-out vitalists. 



One of the German correspondents has put it in these 



