^6 ANALYSIS AND CRITICISM 



NOTES 



1 Causeries XIII, p. 279. The year in which this volume appeared (1857), 

 bearing its original title of Les Philosophes frangais du XlXme siecle, was an 

 especially exciting one in the history of French literature, witnessing the 

 publication, among others, of such works as Flaubert's Madame Bovary, Baude- 

 laire's Les Fleurs du Mai, and Michelet's Ulnsecte. Sainte-Beuve m his article 

 on 'Madame Bovary' [Causeries, XIII, pp. 346-363, 4 ^^l'^^l\ summarized 

 the advent of a new era in the following famous words: This work, as a whole, 

 obviously carries the stamp of the hour in which it has appeared Begun, as one 

 must suppose, a few years ago, its coming at this moment is in the mck of time. 

 It is truly a book to be read while going from a performance where one has 

 listened to the plain, sharp dialogue of a comedy by Alexander Dumas y^/. or 

 applauded Les Faux Bonshommes, between two articles by Tame. Because in 

 many places, and under various forms, I believe that I can recognize new 

 literary signposts: science, spirit of observation, maturity, force, a bit of tough- 

 ness. These are the characteristics which seem to affect the leaders of the new 

 generations. Son and brother of distinguished doctors, M. Gustave Flaubert 

 holds the pen as others hold the scalpel. Anatomists and physiologists, I hnd 

 you everywhere!' (p. 363, S. J. K.). 



2 Ibid., p. 252, S. J. K. 



3 Taine, Les Philosophes classiques, p. 1 76. 



4 Quoted by Rosea, U Influence de Hegel sur Taine, p. 341. 



5 Les Philosophes classiques, pp. 345, 349- 



6 Ibid., p. 324. 



7 Ibid., p. 326. 



8 Ibid., p. 327. 



9 Ibid., p. 32S-331. 



10 Ibid., p. 333. 



11 Ibid., p. 337. 



12 Ibid., p. 340. 



13 Ibid., pp. 342-343- 



14 Ibid., p. 343. 



15 Ibid., pp. 343-344- 



16 Ibid., p. 350. 



17 Ibid., p. 351, our italics. 



18 Ibid., p. 354. 



20 Ibid^, p. 358. Cf. Mill's canons of induction {A System of Logic, Book III, 

 Chapter VIII). 



21 Ibid., p, 361. 



22 Ibid., p. 362. 



23 Ibid., p. 363, Taine's italics. 



24 Ibid., p. 364. 



25 Ibid., p. 366, our italics. 



26 Ibid., p. 367. 



27 Ibid., p. 369. 



28 Quoted above, Chapter II, p. 28. 



29 Ibid., p. 371. 



