226 APPENDICES 



49 Chevrillon, p. 389. 



50 Ibid., pp. 389-390- 



51 Ibid.y p. 92. 



52 Ibid., p. 96. 



53 V. & C, I, 118. 



54 Chevrillon, p. 93, our italics. 



55 Ibid., p. 97. 



56 Ibid., p. 388. 



57 Chevrillon's summary: 'And he defines what he means by essence: the 

 whole of the properties of a thing or of a being. He will say shortly: the 

 fundamental property. And already, still, the essence is the cause' (p. 385, 

 Note). 



58 Ibid, pp. 391-393- 



^9 Ibid, p. 391. 



60 Ibid., p. 392. Cf. Spinoza's Substance, with its attributes and modes. 



61 Ibid, pp. 392-393- 



62 Ibid, p. 393. 



63 Chevrillon, p. 103, our italics. 



64 Ibid., p. 104. 



65 Ibid. 



66 Ibid. 



67 But compare the conclusion of The Evolution of Physics, by Albert Einstein 

 and Leopold Infeld: 



'The reality created by modern physics is, indeed, far removed from the 

 reality of the early days. But the aim of every physical theory still remains the 

 same. 



'With the help of physical theories we try to find our way through the maze 

 of observed facts, to order and understand the world of our sense impressions. 

 We want the observed facts to follow logically from our concept of reality. 

 Without the belief that it is possible to grasp the reality with our theoretical 

 constructions, without the belief in the inner harmony of our world, there could 

 be no science. This belief is and always will remain the fundamental motive for 

 all scientific creation. Throughout all our efforts, in every dramatic struggle 

 between old and new views, we recognize the eternal longing for understand- 

 ing, the ever-firm belief in the harmony of our world, continually strengthened 

 by the increasing obstacles to comprehension' (pp. 312-313). 



68 Extracts printed in V. & C, I, 354-366. 



69 y^ <2? C, I, 354 (cf. Chevrillon, p. 121, where this passage appears in a 

 slightly different version). 



70 Ibid 



71 Ibid., our italics. 



72 Ibid, p. 359. 



73 Ibid., p. 360. 



74 Ibid 



75 This Appendix, 'Induction and the Absolute'. 



76 V. & C, I, 361. 



77 V. & C, I, 128-130. Charles Benard had been Taine's professor of philo- 

 sophy at Bourbon College. 



78 V. & C, I, 152, 16 November, 1851. 



