ARBORICULTURE 



203 



10,000 to 12,000 feet seemed dwarfed 

 by comparison with the immense mass 

 of Pikes Peak. 



A clear stream of snow water rising 

 on the southwest slope is conveyed 

 through a tunnel under Pikes Peak into 

 a reservoir on the east side, and from 

 thence into a succession of lakes and fi- 

 nally through pipes to Colorado Springs. 



We donned rubber clothing and went 

 through the tunnel a thousand feet be- 

 low tlie summit, wading through the icy 

 stream in total darkness, save as our can- 

 dles gave a dim light. 



The formation of Pikes Peak, the main 

 mountain, is of solid granite without 

 seams and has a regularly rounded top. 



On the north side is a precipice and 

 hole said to be 3,000 feet deep. There is 

 no appearance of lava and no evidence 

 of volcanic action, but several indica- 

 tions of an explosive force, probably of 

 gas, having at some time opened this 

 immense hole and scattered the angular, 

 broken rocks over the topmost point, 

 raising the peak a hundred or more feet. 

 The rocks are of large size, from a cubic 

 foot to several yards in size, as seen in 

 the illustration. 



In passing through the tunnel, some 

 2,000 feet in length, the walls appear 

 seamless, a solid granite mass, but at a 

 certain point within is a broad space of 

 several yards broken into fragments. 



the same as those upon the peak. Here 

 the walls and ceiling must be supported 

 with timbers. This shows the same char- 

 acter and was broken up by the same 

 cause that threw the rocks from the hole 

 and left them upon the peak. 



We spent the night at the camp and 

 next day descended by way of Moraine 

 Lake. This, as its name implies, was 

 formed by glacial action, the rocks and 

 the debris deposited by the glaciers mak- 

 ing a complete dam across the valley and 

 forming a lake a quarter section in 

 extent. 



Aspens, with some spruce, surround 

 this lake, but there is at present no dense 

 forest. 



Here are numerous azure columbines, 

 the state flower of Colorado, which we il- 

 lustrate. 



The Half Way House, nearly 9,0.00 

 feet elevation, is a beautiful spot in a 

 grove, where everyone enjoys the rest 

 and quiet and can take a lunch if needed. 



Thousands of tourists each season 

 walk up the trail, a day's journey, and 

 this point offers a convenient breathing 

 place by the brookside among the ever- 



greens. 



Minnehaha Falls is not far distant ; in 

 fact, the cog road passes hundreds of 

 water falls and beauty spots all along the 

 way. 



Sheep, Enemies of Forest. 



W. F. Cody— Buffalo Bill— wrote 

 President Roosevelt from London in 

 regard to sheep in forests. His letter 

 is along the lines which Arboriculture 

 has constantly affirmed and reiterated 

 many times. 



"London, March 3, 1903 — The Hon. 

 Theodore Roosevelt, Washington, D. C. : 

 For the benefit of future generations, the 

 timber, and especially the underbrush, 

 must be protected now, before it is too 

 late, from the sheep devastating the 

 mountain water sheds, as they have al- 

 ready done the valleys and table land. 

 If sheep are allowed to browse on the 



underbrush of our mountains, in less 

 than five years from now the home- 

 seeker, the man behind the plow, the 

 actual taxpayer, will have to leave the 

 Big Horn Basin for want of water to 

 irrigate his land. No one knows this 

 better than yourself, for you are familiar 

 with the West. 



"I am very faithfully yours, 



"W. F. CODY." 



Arboriculture has a high apprecia- 

 tion of the value of sheep and of the 

 wool industry to the United States, but 

 keep them out of the forests. 



