BRYOZOANS 



ing over stones in ponds and slow streams, sometimes in water 

 pipes; widely distributed. 



Occurrence. — May-August. 



2. Lophophore oval, or horseshoe-shaped. Order Phy- 

 lactomcemata (mouth covered). 



a, Colony branched, statoblasts without hooks. 



Family Fredericellidcs 



Colonies branching or forming dense clumps, on stones and 

 sticks. 



Fig. 105. — Fredericella sultana: 1, colony; 2, 

 statoblast. 



Fredericella sultana. — Colony partly creeping and partly 

 erect with antler-like branches, sometimes forming dense 

 clumps (Fig. 105). On the undersides of stones and sticks 

 usually in dark places in ponds and streams. 



Occurrence. — Common and widely distributed. May- 

 August. 



Family Pliimatellidce 



Colonies of cylindrical tubes either creeping or forming 

 massive clumps. 



Plumatella. — Colony made up of brownish or transparent 

 branching tubes which trail vinelike or grow in bushy clumps 

 (Fig. 106). Statoblasts without hooks, sometimes oval, some- 

 times irregular in shape (Fig. 106). In a variety of places, 

 ponds, streams, water pipes, reservoir sluiceways, preferring 



135 



