162 THE AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 



Facial Pit. — The opening on the side of the head, between and below the eye and 



the nostril, in the rattlesnakes, the copperheads and their allies. 

 Femoral. — One of the fifth pair of scutes of the plastron of turtles. 

 Femoral Pores. — A row of large pores on the ventral side of the thigh in some 



lizards. 

 Frontal. — The large scale on the top of the head between the supra-oculars in snakes 



and many lizards. 

 Glaciated. — Covered at some time by a glacier. Said of northern and western Ohio. 

 GuLAR. — The most anterior plate or one of a pair of the most anterior plates on the 



plastron of turtles. 



GuLARS. — The scales of the throat. 



Hinge. — A transverse joint on the plastron of some turtles. 



Humeral. — One of the second pair of scutes on the plastron of turtles. 



InTERNASAL. — One of a pair of scales between the nasals in snakes and many lizards. 



Keel. — A median longitudinal ridge on a scale, or a median longitudinal ridge on the 

 carapace of a turtle. 



Labials, Lower. — A row of scales bordering the lower jaw on each side and sep- 

 arated from the row on the opposite side at the anterior lip of the jaw by a 

 scale called the mental. 



Labials, Upper. — A row of scales bordering the upper jaw on each side and sep- 

 arated from the row on the opposite side at the anterior point of the head by 

 the rostral plate. 



LoREAL. — A small scale lying between the nasal scale and the preoculars. 



Marginal Scutes. — The scales around the margin of the carapace in turtles. 



Nasal. — The scale in which the nostril lies. "One nasal" signifies that the nostril lies 

 in or near the center of one large scale and "two nasals ' signifies that the 

 nostril lies between two squarish scales or largely in one of them. When two 

 nasals are present they are known as the prenasal (anterior nasal) and postnasal 

 (posterior nasal) respectively. 



Nuchal. — A small plate at the center of the anterior end of the carapace in turtles 



and which is included in counting the series of marginals. 

 Oviparous. — Producing young by means of eggs which hatch some time after extrusion 



from the body. 

 OvoviVlPAROUS. — Producing young by means of eggs which hatch either in the body of 



the parent or shortly after extrusion. 



Papilla. — A small pimple-like projection. 



Parietal. — One of a pair of large plates on the posterior dorsal surface of the head. 



Pectoral. — One of the third pair of scutes on the plastron of turtles. 



Pit. — See facial pit. 



Plastron. — The lower shell in turtles. 



PoSTOCULAR. — One or more small scales directly behind the eye. 



Prefrontal. — One of a pair of scales on the dorsal surface of the head anterior to 



the frontal. 

 Preocular. — One or more scales directly in front of the eye. If the scale in this 



position is much longer than high, it is called the loreal, in which case the 



preocular is absent. 



Rattle. — The dermal structure on the tail of rattlesnakes. 



Rostral. — The large scale at the end of the snout. 



Rows OF Scales. — The lines of dorsal scales counted obliquely. The position of 



lateral stripes is determined by counting obliquely upward from the lowermost 



row of dorsal scales on each side. 

 Saddles. — Saddle-shaped blotches. 



