BOUIN'S FLUID 



51 



BRAZILIN-WASSERBLAU 



Taylor in McCIung, p. 155-245. See 

 Plants. 



Bouin's Fluid. Sat. aq. picric acid, 75 cc; 

 formalin, 25 cc; acetic acid, 5 cc. For 

 mammalian tissues fix 24 hrs., wash in 

 water, dehydrate and embed in the usual 

 way. This is the most generally useful 

 of all fixatives containing picric acid. 

 Almost any stain can be used after it. 

 The picric acid need not be altogether 

 washed out because it serves as a desir- 

 able mordant. Giemsa'a stain gives 

 good coloration of protozoan parasites 

 after fixation in Bouin's fluid (Cowdry, 

 E. V. and Danks, W. B. C, Parasitology, 

 1933, 25, 1-63) . The use of this fixative 

 is specified under Argentaffine Reaction, 

 Bodian's Method, Elementary Bodies, 

 Foot's Method, Gold, Johnson's Neu- 

 tral Red Method, Laidlaw's Method, 

 Liebermann-Burchardt Reaction, Mas- 

 son's Trichrome, Purkinje Cells, Tape- 

 worm Proglottids, etc. It is a fixative 

 rapidly gaining in popularity and there 

 are naturally many modifications. The 

 application of Davenport's silver tech- 

 nique to Bouin fixed tissues is described 

 by Foley, J. O., Stain Techn., 1938, 13, 

 5-8. 



The cytological action of Bouin's fluid 

 has been investigated at the University 

 of Pennsylvania. Three formulae are 

 particularly recommended by McClung 

 and Allen (McClung, p. 561). (1) 

 Allen's fluid: sat. aq. picric acid, 75 cc; 

 formalin C.P., 15 cc. ; glacial acetic acid, 

 10 cc; urea, 1 gm. (2) The same plus 

 1 gm. chromic acid. (3) The original 

 formula plus 2 gms. urea and 1.5 gms. 

 chromic acid. For details regarding use 

 in study of cell division, shrinkage, etc. 

 see Allen, Ezra, Anat. Rec, 1916, 10, 

 565-589. 



Bourne, see Golgi Apparatus, Mitochondria. 



Boutons Terminaux. For this special type 

 of nerve ending the methods given 

 under Nerve Endings are useful, partic- 

 ularly that of Bodian. These terminal 

 buttons or swellings can be visualized 

 and their behavior determined in living 

 tadpoles by techniques introduced by 

 Speidel, C. C, J. Comp. Neurol., 1942, 

 76, 57-73. Several special methods for 

 their demonstration in fixed tissues are 

 recommended by Gibson (McClung, 

 1950, pp. 389-398). Distinction be- 

 tween normal and degenerating in the 

 inferior olive of the cat made by silver 

 methods (Blackstad, T., Brodal, A. 

 and Walberg, F. Acta Anat., 1951, 11, 

 461-477). 



Bowie's Ethyl Violet-Biebrich Scarlet stain 

 for pepsinogen granules (Bowie, D. J., 

 Anat. Rec, 1935-36, 64, 357-367). Dis- 

 solve 1 gm. Biebrich scarlet in 250 cc. 

 aq. dest. and 2 gms. ethyl violet in 500 



cc. Filter the former through a rapid 

 filter paper into a beaker and then the 

 latter into the same beaker. The end 

 point of neutralization is when a little 

 of the mixture placed on filter paper does 

 not show any scarlet color. Collect the 

 ppt. of neutral dye by filtering and dry 

 it. To make stock solution dissolve 0.2 

 gm. in 20 cc. 95% alcohol. To make 

 staining solution add 1-5 drops to 50 cc. 

 of 20% alcohol. Stain paraffin sections 

 of Regaud fixed gastric mucosa in this 

 for 24 hrs. Wipe dry around edges and 

 blot with smooth filter paper. Differ- 

 entiate by covering section with equal 

 parts clove oil ancl xylol. This takes 

 about 30 min. and should be observed 

 under microscope. Pass through several 

 changes of xylol, rinse in benzol and 

 mount in benzol balsam. Pepsinogen of 

 pepsin-forming cells, violet ; and parietal 

 cells, red. Bowie also makes a crystal 

 violet-orange G stain which does not 

 differ materially from Bensley's Neutral 

 Gentian. 



Brandt's glycerin jelly. Melted gelatin, 1 

 part; glycerin I5 parts plus few drops 

 carbolic acid to serve as a preservative. 

 See Kaiser's glycerin jelly under gly- 

 cerin. 



Bryan, see Ear Cell Smears, Nasal Cell 

 Smears. 



Brazilin (CI, 1243) is a substance produced 

 from red wood of Brazil. Its formula 

 is like that of hematoxylin minus 1 

 hydroxyl group and in its use, as well 

 as its origin, it resembles hematoxylin. 

 Ripening may be required for both. 

 Thus we have an iron brazilin method 

 (Hickson, S. J., Quart. J. Micr. Sci., 

 1901, 44, 469-471) and O'Leary's Bra- 

 zilin for myelin sheaths. See also 

 Brazilin-Wasserblau technique of 

 Bensley. 



Brazilin-Wasserblau for secretion ante- 

 cedents of thyroid gland (Bensley, R. 

 R., Am. J. Anat., 1916, 19, 37-54) as 

 described later by the Bensleys (p. SO) 

 is : To make up the Brazilin stain dis- 

 solve 0.05 gm. in a little aq. dest. with 

 aid of heat and add this to 100 cc. 1% 

 aq. phosphotungstic acid. Ripen by 

 addition of 2 drops hydrogen peroxide. 

 Solution should not be employed after 

 3 days. Run paraffin sections of forma- 

 lin-Zenker fixed thyroids down to aq. 

 dest., mordant briefly in a fresh aq. 

 ammonium stannic chloride, and stain 

 in above solution 1 or more hrs. Wash 

 in water and treat for 1-5 min. with aq. 

 dest., 100 cc. + 1.0 gm. phosphomolyb- 

 dic acid and 0.2 gm. Wasserblau (anilin 

 blue). Wash quickly in water, dehy- 

 drate in absolute alcohol, clear and 

 mount. See colors in R. R. Bensley's 

 plate. Nuclear chromatin, red; secre- 



