INTERFERENCE COLORS 



164 



IODINE NUMBER 



(Fox, 1., Science, 1942, 96, 478). Sec- 

 tioning is facilitated by methods de- 

 signed to soften Chitin, see also Fleas, 

 Ticks. Use of fluorescence microscopy 

 in entomology (Metcalf, R. L. and Pat- 

 ton, R. L., Stain Techn., 1944, 19, 11- 

 27). In making preparations of insect 

 tissues one must of course be on the 

 lookout for infecting organisms. A 

 well illustrated volume, giving many 

 technical details, is that of Paillot, A. 

 L'Infection Chez Les Insectes. Im- 

 primerie de Tr^voux, G. Patissier, 1933, 

 535 pp. 



Interference Colors for daylight, Newton's 

 scale, see McClung's Microscopical 

 Technique, 1950, p. 633. 



Intermitotic Cells, see Cell Classification. 



Intestinal Protozoa. 1. Johnson's rapid 

 iron hematoxylin method (Johnson, 

 C. M., Am. J. Trop. Med., 1935, 15, 551). 

 Fix thin smears 10 min. in Schaudinn's 

 fixative containing 5-10% glacial acetic 

 acid (37°-45°C). Treat for 5 min. with 

 iodine in 95% alcohol (port wine color). 

 After placing in 70% alcohol for 5 min. 

 rinse in tap water 1-3 min. Mordant 

 in 4% aq. iron alum (purple crystals) 

 for 15 min. Rinse in tap water 1-2 

 min. and stain for 10 min. in 0.5% aq. 

 hematoxylin (10 cc. 5% hematoxylin in 

 95% ale. plus 90 cc. aq. dest.). Differ- 

 entiate in 0.25% aq. iron alum 6-10 min. 

 for flagellates and 12 min. for amoebae. 

 After washing in running water for 3- 

 30 min., dehydrate in ale, clear in xylol 

 and mount. 



2. Long method of Heidenhain (Q.M. 

 Geiman in Simmons and Gentzkow, 

 p. 616). Recommended for Balanti- 

 dium coll and for permanent mounts. 

 This is practically the same except for 

 longer mordanting and staining. See 



Iron Hematoxylin and Iron Hematoxylin 

 Single Stain. 



Intestine. Difference in appearance of wall 

 when contracted and normally distended 

 (Johnson, F. P., Am. J. Anat., 1912-13, 

 14, 235-250). Alterations in human 

 mucosa from absorption of fat and from 

 fasting (Cowdry's Histology, pp. 302- 

 305). Effect of different dehydration 

 and clearing agents on intestine (Ralph, 

 P., Stain Techn., 1938, 13, 9-15). Ros- 

 enberg, L. E., Stain Techn., 1940, 15, 

 53-56 has given an interesting account 

 of postmortem autodigestion. Mingaz- 

 zini phenomenon (Macklin, C. C. and 

 M. T.,J. Anat.,1926, 61, 144-150). See 

 Large and Small Intestines. 



Intracellular Phase, see Chloride. 



Intranuclear crystals. Hepatic cells of 

 dogs. Determination of properties 

 (Weatherford, H. L., and Trimble, 

 H. C, Anat. Rec, 1940, 77, 487-502). 



Intranuclear Inclusions, see Nuclear In- 

 clusions. 



Intravitam Staining, the same as Vital 

 Staining but different from Supravital 

 Staining, which is upon or after, the 

 death of the animal whose tissues are 

 stained. 



lodeosin B, see Erythrosin, bluish. 



Iodides. Histochemical localization not 

 feasible (Gersh, I. and Stielglitz, E. J., 

 Anat. Rec, 1933, 56, 185-193). As ex- 

 plained by Glick, p. 34, a precipitating 

 agent to fix iodide will also precipitate 

 protein and thus prevents its own pene- 

 tration into the tissue. 



Iodine, detection of: 1. Ionized iodine in 

 the form of iodides. Stieglitz (E., J. 

 Pharm. and Exp. Therap., 1924, 22, 

 89-98) injects 20 cc. 5% aq. lead nitrate 

 intravenously into an animal to be killed 

 and fixes the tissue in formalin. In the 

 sections, iodine is found in the form of 

 yellow crystals of lead iodide. Methods 

 have been reviewed by Gersh and Stie- 

 glitz (I. and E. J., Anat. Rec, 1933, 56, 

 185-193). 



2. Methods for iodine in organic com- 

 bination appear to be unsatisfactory. 

 The whole subject of iodine has been 

 critically considered by Lison (p. 111- 

 113). See Gram's and Lugol's solu- 

 tions. 



Iodine, as a stain is one of the stains used 

 for Glycogen and Starch Grains. It is 

 also advised in the form of Lugol's solu- 

 tion to bring out in frozen sections of 

 nervous tissue certain extremely minute 

 bodies in the cytoplasm and along the 

 processes of nerve cells bv Adamstone, 

 F. B. and Taylor, A.B., Science, 1946, 

 104, 111. See Gram-Pappenheim stain 

 and Gram Stain for bacteria. 



lodine-Eosin stain of Donaldson, R., Lan- 

 cet, 1917, 1, 571 is highly recommended 

 by Craig, p. 45 for intestinal amebae 

 and flagellates. Saturate one volume of 

 5% aq. potassium iodide with iodine 

 crystals and mix with equal volume of 

 sat. aq. eosin (yellow aqueous eosin). 

 Mix small drop with a little feces on 

 slide, cover and examine. Cysts of 

 amebae and flagellates, yellow to green- 

 ish yellow in red background; glycogen 

 bodies within cysts, brown. 



Iodine Green (CI, 686), closely related to 

 methyl green, only used occasionally. 



Iodine-Iodide Solution. This term is em- 

 ployed for almost any solution contain- 

 ing iodine and iodide as Lugol's and 

 Grams. 



Iodine Number of lipids, see Schmidt- 

 Nielsen, K., C. rend. trav. lab. Carls- 

 berg, S^r. Chim., 1944, 22, 87-96 and 

 Kretchmer, N., Holman, R. T. and 

 Burr, G. O., Arch. Biochem., 1946, 10, 

 101-105. 



