394 BIOLOGY AND HUMAN LIFE 



awkward standing or sitting; there is overdevelopment of the 

 shoulders with corresponding underdevelopment of other parts ; 

 there are calluses and twisted fingers and flat feet. The boiler- 

 maker suffers in his ears, the granite-cutter in his lungs, the 

 preacher in his throat, and so on. The tired accountant sees fig- 

 ures jumping all around until his head swims, or he automati- 

 cally adds all the numbers that he sees or hears. There are 

 lawyers who come to be incapable of considering any problem 

 that comes up except in relation to statutes or court actions. 



Workers in compressed-air chambers suffer from the bends, a 

 very painful condition resulting from going too rapidly from a 

 high-pressure atmosphere to a low pressure ; workers in animal 

 hair and hides are exposed to infection by anthrax ; miners and 

 other workers in the ground may be infected with hookworm 

 disease. Glass-blowers, furnace-workers, electricians, photog- 

 raphers, and others who work with strong light are in danger of 

 receiving serious eye injuries. 



It is well to plan recreation and exercise of a kind that will 

 balance or counteract the undesirable effects of conditions of 

 work. Many physical hazards and infections can be avoided 

 by suitable guards, garments, shields, and so on. It should be 

 possible to get many of the advantages of a high subdivision 

 of labor without suffering from all the disadvantages. 



INDUSTRIAL PROBLEMS OF HEALTH 



1, Changing conditions of work and life 



Increasing production raises standard of living 

 Improved living shows in better health and longer life 

 Working conditions not always favorable to health 

 Increase in accident rate 



2. Physical conditions 



Cleanliness Drinking water 



Removal of waste Toilet rooms 



Washing facilities Lunch room 



Lockers for clothes Temperature 



Ventilation Noise 



Lighting 



