11 



BIOLOGY AND HUMAN LIFE 



and disease, 262, 303, 304, 327 ; 

 and soil, 299 ; types of, 308 ; use- 

 ful, 309 f., 426, 430 f. 

 Balance of nature, 570 f. 

 Banana, economic value of, 437 

 Basidiomycetes (ba sid I 6 mi se'tez), 



433 

 Bast, 116, 119, 120 



Bathing, 201 f., 358 



Batrachians (bd tra'ki anz), 87, 88, 

 273, 456 f.; reproduction among, 

 487 



Bee, 29 ff. ; sting of, 32 



Beech, economic value of, 437 f. 



Beetle, "June-bug," 85; Calosoma, 

 452,570; ladybug, 452; destructive, 

 563 ; potato, 564, 566 



Ber'i ber'i, 304 



Bile, 135, 178 



Biology, meaning of, 3 ; how used, 

 4 f. ; interest in, 7 f. ; how studied, 

 8 f . ; of the soil, 94 



Birds, 87, 282, 284 ; pollenation by, 

 49; economic value of, 418, 426, 

 458 ff., 570, 574 ff. ; and seed dis- 

 persal, 477 ; improved varieties of, 

 496; food of, 574; destruction of, 

 574 ff. ; undesirable, 575, 576 ff. ; 

 protection of, 576 



Bladder, 195 



Bladder worm, 334 



Bleeding, 187 ff. 



Blood, 176; and respiration, 161; 

 ferments in, 178, 180, 184 ; clotting 

 of, 179 f.; circulation of, 181 ff.; 

 changes in, 184; health of, 187 



Bones, structure and growth of, 283 ff . ; 

 broken, 287 



Bowels. See Intestines 



Brain, localization of functions in, 

 222, 224; structure of, 223 



Breathing, in insects, 16; in plants, 

 112; and digestion, 157, 158; in 

 man, 162; habits of, 163 ff., 174, 

 264; in animals, 451. See also Oxi- 

 dation 



Breeding, 499 ff. ; plant, 504 ff. ; for 

 immunity, 515; practical, 515 f., 

 528 f. ; animal, 519 ff.; value of, 

 526 ff. 



Breeds, variation in, 493 f. ; pure, 

 510 ff., 526 



Bryophytes (bn'o fits), 79 



Bubonic (bu bon'ik) plague, 327 



Buckwheat, economic value of, 438 



Buds, 469 



Burbank, Luther, 500, 515 ; potato of, 



443 ; spineless cactus of, 516 

 Butterfly, 26 f. ; development of, 



28 ff. 



Calorie (kal'o rl), 140 



Cal o rim'e ter, respiration, 143 



Ca lyx, 41 



Cambium, 119, 481 ; in roots, 115 



Cap'Tl la ries, 181 



Carbohydrates, 102, 104, 108, 113, 

 120 f., 136, 139, 140, 145. See also 

 Food 



Carbon cycle, 425 



Carbon dioxid, 160, 169, 193 ; in food- 

 making, 107 



Carbon monoxid, 173, 372 



Carpels, 42 



Carroll, Dr. James, 324, 325 



Casein (ka'sein), 102 



Cells, structure of, 57 f. ; numbers of, 

 59; animal, 60, 481; division of, 

 60 f., 466 f., 481; in tissues, 61; 

 plant, 61, 115, 466 f. ; absorption 

 by, 126 f.; respiration in, 161 f . ; 

 nerve, 220; egg, 473, 484; sperm, 

 473, 484 f. 



Cellulose, 126 



Cer e bel'liim, 222 



Cer'e brum, localization of functions 

 in, 222. See also Brain 



Cervical region, 282 



Chemical changes, in soil, 94 ; in 

 digestion, 128, 135, 137 ; with emo- 

 tional disturbances, 255 f. 



Chemical elements in organisms, 8, 18 



Chlorophyl (klo'ro fil), 108, 120 



Cilia, 210, 472 



Circulation, of air, 170; in plants, 

 176 ; of blood, i8r ff. ; double, 182 f. 



Civilization, 580; dangers in, 580 ff. ; 

 benefited by intelligence, 589 



Classification, basis of, 5 ff., 73 ff. ; 

 scientific, 72 f.; of plants, 77 ff- ; 

 of animals, 81 ff. 



Cleanliness and health, 201 f., 319 f., 



367 

 Clothing, and health, 165, 202 f. ; 



sources of, 417 f. 



Clotting of blood, 179 



Coal, origin of, 419, 434 



Cocain, 420, 425 



