Vlll 



BIOLOGY AND HUMAN LIFE 



Pharynx, 131, 132 



Phloem (flo'em), 119 



Photosynthesis, 108 ff., 425, 550 



Phycomycetes (fi k6 mi se'tez), 431 



Pill bug, 82 



Pineapple, economic value of, 436 



Pisces (pis'ez), 87 



Pistil, 42 



Pi tu'i ta ry, 178, 283 



Plants, structure of, 13 ff.; activities 

 of, 19 f.; sensitive, 20; compared 

 with animals, 37 ; dioecious, 46 ; 

 monoecious, 46; dependent on ani- 

 mals, 50; embryos of, 68; genea- 

 logical tree of plant life, 74 ; classi- 

 fication of, 77 ff. ; soil elements 

 necessary for, 92 f., 495 f. ; transfer 

 of materials in, 176; waste sub- 

 stances in, 193 f. ; useful, 416 ff., 

 425 f.; of value to health, 420 f.; 

 economic importance of, 429 ff. ; 

 cell division in, 466 f. ; grafting of, 

 467 ff. ; budding of, 469 ; spores in, 

 470; conjugation in, 470 f. ; fertili- 

 zation in, 472; improving, 495 ff. ; 

 breeding, 504 ff. ; heredity in, 509; 

 injured by insects, 563 ff. See also 

 Flowers, Leaf, Roots 



Plasma, 176 ff. 



Plasmodium of malaria, 322 



Plumbing, importance of. 353, 367 



Pneumonia, 304 



Pollen, 43 



PoUenation, by insects, 34, 47, 50 ; 

 function of, 43 ; self, 45 ; close and 

 cross, 45 ff. ; by water, 46, 47 ; by 

 wind, 47 ; by birds, 49 ; by hand, 51 



Pollution, of air, 168 f.; of water, 



352 f- 

 Pol y cot'yls, 68 

 Poppy, economic value of, 438 

 Population, uncontrolled, 588 f. 

 Porif'eri, 81; economic value of, 



449 

 Posture, 287, 289; and breathing, 



165 

 Potato, economic value of, 443 

 Praying mantis, 83 

 Precipitin, 341 f.; used as test, 



342 

 Pred'fi to ry relations, 300 

 Preservatives in food 354 

 Primates (pri ma'tez), 89 



Production, intensive, 540 ff. 

 Propagation, 466, 473 ; vegetative, 



506 f. See also Regeneration 

 Protection, against infection, 312; of 



public, 360 f. ; of plants, 498 

 Pr5'ie ins, in protoplasm, 102, 104, 



139; origin of, 109; digestion of, 



133, 134, 136; daily need of, 140; 



nutritive ratio. 143; fuel value of, 



145, 1 47 ; reaction to foreign, 339 ff. 

 Protoplasm, 56 ff., 64, 102, 103, 104, 



211, 216, 220, 244, 248; physical 



basis of life, 62 ; needs of, loi ; 



drugs and, 401 

 Pro to zoa, 81, 285, 299, 300, 302, 309, 



322; economic value of, 448, 449; 



cell division in, 481 

 Pteridophytes (ter'i do fits), 79 

 Pulmonary artery, 182 f. 

 Pulse, family, economic value of, 



439 

 Pu'pa, 29 



Pylorus, 132 



Quarantine, 357 

 Quinine, 421 



Rabies (ra'b! ez), 358 



Rats and bubonic plague, 327 f. ; 

 enemy of man, 462 f. 



Reaction of organism, 217 ff., 233 



Receptacle, 45 



Receptor, 219, 236 



Recessive, 508 ; extracted, 510 



Rectum, 132 



Reed, Dr. Walter, 324 



Reflex, 218 ff., 226 f., 228, 229, 232 f., 

 241, 243 



Regeneration, 481 f. 



Registration of vital statistics, 358 



Relaxation, 153 f. 



Reproduction, in animals, 18; in 

 plants, 19, 41, 44, 466 ff.; sexual, 

 473 ; asexual, 473 ; among inverte- 

 brates, 483 f. ; in fishes, 484 f.; 

 among batrachians, 487 ; of insects, 

 487 f. ; in vertebrates, 488 



Rep'tiles, 457 f. 



Rep til'T h, 87 



Research, organization of, 403 



Respiration, 161 ff. ; calorimeter, 143; 

 artificial, 171 f. 



Respirator, 384 



