164 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



high-yielding Dicklow variety by more than 5 bushels per acre in 

 the last three years and has exceeded that variety in milling and bak- 

 ing quality. During 1921 the commercial supply of seed of Hard 

 Federation was increased to more than 6,000 bushels and that of 

 Federation to more than 1,000 bushels. White Federation, a related 

 variety producing good yields in California, has been increased com- 

 mercially in that State. 



Durum wheats have continued to outyield common wheats, in- 

 cluding Marquis, in the spring-wheat belt of the northern Great 

 Plains and prairie areas. Some _of the high-yielding rust-resistant 

 durum varieties developed cooperatively by this department and 

 the State agricultural experiment stations unfortunately do not 

 produce a first-class quality of macaroni and other alimentary 

 pastes. Preliminary experiments show, however, that Arnautka, 

 Kubanka, Peliss, and Mindum make semolina products of satisfac- 

 tory quality. The acreage of Kubanka has been rapidly increasing 

 throughout the durum-growing sections, because it is more rust 

 resistant than Arnautka. Peliss has been increased in Montana and 

 Mindum in Minnesota. 



Barhervy eradication for tJie control of hlack stem rust. — The 

 campaign for the eradication of the common barberry in order to 

 control the black stem rust of wheat was begun in the spring of 

 1918 and is now in its fifth year. The eradication area comprises 

 13 of the north-central wheat-growing States, namely, Colorado, 

 Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska^ 

 North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. All 

 of these States now have enacted legislation requiring the removal 

 of common barberry bushes. The campaign is conducted in coopera- 

 tion with the State agricultural college in each of the States, with 

 the State department of agriculture in most of them, and with the 

 Conference for the Prevention of Grain Rust. Investigations of the 

 time, rate, and manner of spread of rust from barberries, made dur- 

 ing the summer, give additional evidence of the enormous losses 

 directly traceable to individual bushes and hedges. 



The farm-to-farm survey was continued during the past year, and 

 an area equivalent to about 122 counties was completed. Of these, 

 24 counties in Minnesota were surveyed with funds furnished by that 

 State. In this survey 141,251 bushes were located on 4,011 prop- 

 erties, of which 84,572 bushes were escapes from cultivation on 471 

 farms. A total of 159,561 bushes was removed from 4,574 prop- 

 erties. In addition to the farm-to-farm survey a resurvey was made 

 of the cities and villages in each county covered. A resurvey to 

 locate and destroy sprouts and seedlings on properties previously 

 having barberries in the counties earlier covered in the farm-to- 

 farm survey was carried forward. In this resurvey 33,811 sprouts 

 were found and eradicated. Numerous seedlings and a number of 

 bushes not removed by the property owners upon first notification 

 were destroyed. 



From the beginning of the campaign to June 30, 1922, almost all 

 cities, towns, and villages in the 13 States included in the eradication 

 area were surveyed. The original survey has been completed in Mon- 

 tana. Colorado, and Wyoming and a resurvey made for finding and 

 eradicating sprouts and seedlings appearing since the original sur- 

 vey was completed. In the other 10 States the original survey has 



