BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY. 165 



covered an area of approximately 330 counties. A resnrvey of each 

 property on which barberries have been found is being carried for- 

 ward, a^nd areas in the vicinity of large hedges or large bushes, 

 either cultivated or escaped, which are old enough to bear seeds have 

 been designated for a more careful resurvey. 



During- the entire campaign a total of 5,625,289 bushes has been 

 located on 50,287 properties. Of these, 3,296,378 were escaped bushes 

 on 2,440 properties. A total of 4,457,638 bushes has been removed 

 from 46,366 properties. Of the 1,168,651 bushes remaining on 3,921 

 properties, the greater number are in a few large escaped areas in 

 the States of Wisconsin, Illinois, and Michigan. These areas can not 

 be cleared immediately because of their extent and the difficulty of 

 eradication. 



Take-all and similar diseases of wheat. — Diseases of the group to 

 wdiich take-all belongs have been found in Oregon, Washington, Cal- 

 ifornia, Arkansas, Kansas, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, New York, 

 and Virginia. Investigations of these diseases are in progress in co- 

 operation with the experiment stations of most of these States. 



It has been found that the true. Australian take-all, caused by 

 Ophioholus graminis, occurs in New York, Virginia. Indiana, Arkan- 

 sas, Oregon, and Washington. During the spring of 1922 this disease 

 was found causing considerable losses in Kansas also. Field in- 

 vestigations have begun in Kansas, Oregon, and Washington, and 

 laboratory investigations have been conducted at Madison, Wis. In 

 Kansas there. also occurs a foot-rot disease of wheat which is very 

 similar to take-all, if not identical with it. As yet it is not certain 

 that all of the foot-rot diseases in Kansas are true take-all, as the 

 lake-all fungus has been definitely identified on the diseased plants 

 from only one farm. 



The rosette disease of wheat, the cause of which is as yet not 

 definitely known, has recurred in Illinois and Indiana, causing heavy 

 losses in certain cases. Marked progress has been made in finding 

 the relative susceptibility of an extensive series of wheat varieties. 

 It has been found that a considerable number of leading varieties of 

 wheat are resistant to or immune from this disease. Investigations 

 to determine the cause of rosette are being pushed vigorously. 



Investigations also have shown that the Helminthosporium disease 

 of wheat is distinct from both rosette and true take-all. This disease 

 occurs over practically the entire spring-wheat area and over part 

 of the winter-wheat 'area. Durum wheat suffers most from this 

 disease. No effective control measures have been found. 



OATS. 



Among the improved varieties of oats, the four new pure-line varie- 

 ties, viz, Cornellian, Comewell, Standwell. and Empire, developed 

 in cooperation with the department of plant breeding at the Cornell 

 University Agricultural Experiment Station and distributed to farm- 

 ers in New York last year, have been very much in demand for 

 growing in that State. " Some progress is being made in eliminating 

 the gray color of the Cornellian by crossing it on a high-yielding 

 white oat. 



The four new varieties, Albion (Iowa No. 103), Richland (Iowa 

 No. 105), lowar, and logren, developed in the cooperative experi- 



