BUKEAU OF MARKETS AND CROP ESTIMATES. 525 



GRAIN DIVISION. 



The work of the grain division was conducted under the super- 

 vision of H. J, Besley and included the following activities : 



Enforcement of the United States grain standards act. 



Research studies of tlie handling, marketing, and standardization of grain. 



ENFORCEMENT OF THE UNITED STATES GRAIN STANDARDS ACT. 



During the past year the enforcement of the grain standards act 

 was carried on under the direction of the division leader, assisted by 

 E. J. Murphy, R. T. Miles, and O. F. Phillips. 



ADMIN ISTRiVTION. 



Under general direction from Washington the work of enforcing 

 the grain standards act was administered in the field through (1) 

 general field headquarters, Chicago; (2) Pacific coast headquarters, 

 Portland, Oreg. ; (3) five division supervisors with headquarters at 

 New York, Indianapolis, Chicago, St. Louis, Kansas City; (4) 34 

 district offices of Federal grain supervision located at the principal 

 grain markets throughout the country, and two branch offices. 



STATUS OF OFFICIAL GRAIN STANDARDS OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Standards for shelled corn, wheat, and oats were in force during 

 the year. The standards for corn were made eifective December 1, 

 1916, for wheat July 1, 1917, and for oats June 16, 1919. 



The work devolving upon the bureau through the operation of this 

 act has increased enormously during the past year. This is especially 

 true of the appeals handled by the grain supervisors from inspec- 

 tions originally performed by licensed inspectors. During the year, 

 31.689 appeals, or approximately three times as many as the pre- 

 ceding year, were handled by offices of Federal grain supervision. 

 Of this number, 781 went to board appeal. In addition to the 

 handling of appeals on complaint of parties to commercial trans- 

 actions, supervisors work in close contact with licensed inspectors, 

 aiding them in inspection problems. A total of 175,896 supervision 

 samples were handled during the year to check the work of the in- 

 spectors in order to secure correct and uniform application. 



Tlie following tables give in detail data covering appeals handled 

 during the past year : 



(1) Number of appeals filed — all grains combined and for each grain sepa- 

 rately : 



Corn 4, 849 



Wheat 25, .^92 



Oats 1, 24S 



Total filed 31. 680 



(2) Number and percentage of appeals sustained — all grains combined and 

 for each grain separately : 



All grains . 



Corn 



Wheat 



Oats 



Number. Per cent. 



10, 971 



1,478 

 9,214 



34.6 

 30.4 

 36.0 



300 24. 



