548 ANNUAL EEPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Achievements. — Prior to the reor<Tanization of 1919, perhaps the 

 most important work done by the office was in the field of farm man- 

 agement survey. Among the significant surveys conducted by the 

 office up to that time may be mentioned the following : 



Three representative areas in Indiana, Illinois, and Iowa (Dept. 

 Bui. 41) ; Utah Lake Valley (Dept. Bui. 117) ; Chester County, Pa. 

 (Dept. Bui. 341) ; The Blue Grass Region (Dept. Bui. 482) ; Sumter 

 County, Ga., first survey (Dept. Bui. 492) ; Monett, Mo. (Dept. Bui. 

 633) ; Brooks County, Ga. (Dept. Bui. 048) : Anderson County, S. C. 

 (Dept. Bui. C51) ; Irrigated Valleys of Arizona (Dept. Bui. 654) ; 

 Ellis County, Tex. (Dept. Bui. 659) ; Lenawee County, Mich., Wil- 

 lamette Valley, Wash. (Dept. Bui, 705) ; Southwestern Kentucky 

 (Dept. Bui. 713) ; Washington County, Ohio, continuing survey 

 (Dept. Bui. 716) ; Clinton County, Ind.; Dane County, Wis. 



Since tlie reorganization of 1919, work has been continued on the 

 surveys in Wa^Ilington County, Ohio; Clinton Countj', Ind., and 

 Dane County. Wis. (Dept. Bui. 920) ; a survey in nortliAvestern Penn- 

 sylvania has been completed (Dept. Bui. 852) and another in the 

 Ozark region (Dept. Bui. 941), and preliminary reports have been 

 issued on surveys in New Hampshire, Florida, Virginia, and Mary- 

 land. The office now has a total of 32,000 survey records on file. 



Among miscellaneous studies conducted by the office prior to 1919 

 may be mentioned those of machinery cost of farm operations; car- 

 rying capacity of ranges ; duty of implements, workmen, and crews ; 

 seasonal distribution of farm labor: haymaking crews; methods and 

 labor costs; the experience of farmers with tractors; clearing land; 

 operation of various farm implements; and farm practice in various 

 parts of the country. Extended investigations were made in the 

 cost of producing apples and sugar beets, and some cost work was 

 done on cotton, milk, wheat, and a few other products. 



An important feature of the work of the office since 1913 has been 

 in the field of agricultural history and geography. A Geography 

 of World Agriculture has been prepared and published, and several 

 sections of an Atlas of American Agriculture. 



Since 1919 special stress has been laid on work in cost of produc- 

 tion, land economics, rural sociology, the problems of farm financing 

 and insurance, and the analysis of the farm business. A long-time 

 studyof the cost of beef production has been inaugurated, and work 

 has been done on the cost of producing wheat, potatoes, cotton, rice, 

 apples, citrus fruit, and milk. Special attention has been devoted 

 to determining the basic factors of production, such as hours of labor 

 and quantities of seed and other materials required. A study has 

 been made of the land boom in Iowa (Dept. Bui. 874) ; of cost and 

 utilization of power on farms where tractors are owned (Dept. Bui. 

 997) ; of short term bank loans to farmers (Dept. Bui. 1048) ; of the 

 influence of a single farm community (Dept. Bui. 984) ; of the use 

 of the land bank system in buying farms (Dept. Bui. 968) ; and of 

 harvest labor problems in the wheat belt (Dept. Bui. 1020). 



WORK FOR FISCAL YEAR 1921-22. 



During the fiscal year just past substantial progress has been made 

 in the study of the cost of producing beef cattle, wheat, cotton, rice, 

 potatoes, and hogs. Important studies in farm tenure have been 



