BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY. 259 



tion area, with the State department of agriculture in most of them, 

 and with the Conference for the Prevention of Grain Rust, located 

 at Minneapolis, Minn. It was begun in the spring of 1918 and is 

 now in its sixth year. 



From the beginning of the campaign to June 30, 1923, almost all 

 cities, towns, and villages in the 13 States were surveyed. The orig- 

 inal survey has been completed in Wyoming, and but few counties 

 remain to be covered in Colorado and Montana. The survey in the 

 other 10 States has progressed rapidly, and an area equivalent to 

 484 counties has been covered. Resurveys are made from time to 

 time of each property on which barberries have been found. Prop- 

 erties in the vicinity of large bushes, either cultivated or escaped, 

 which are old enough to bear seeds have been designated for es- 

 pecially careful resurvey. 



During the entire campaign 5,847,979 bushes have been located on 

 56,747 properties. Of these, 3,437,178 were escaped bushes on 3,340 

 farms. A total of 5,196,768 bushes have been destroyed on 53,165 

 properties. Chemicals are to be applied to many of the 651,211 

 bushes remaining on 3,582 properties. Seedlings to the number of 

 38,178 have been destroyed on 445 properties. 



Common rock salt or dilute sodium arsenite, when carefully ap- 

 plied, has been found effective and economical for destroying common 

 barberrj' bushes. Eradication by digging is not effective in stony or 

 heavy ground. 



OATS. 



Varietal distribution. — The data obtained in the oat varietal sur- 

 vey which was made in 1919 in cooperation with the then Bureau of 

 Crop Estimates have been tabulated in final form. These data show 

 that 11 varieties of oats each are grown in the United States on 1 per 

 cent or more of the total acreage. In the order of their importance, 

 these varieties are Silvermine, Red Rustproof, Swedish Select, Kher- 

 son, Green Russian, White Tartar (Wliite Russian), Albion (Iowa 

 No. 103), Early Champion, Burt, Richland (Iowa No. 105), and 

 Lincoln. 



Extension of improved "varieties. — The four new pure-line varie- 

 ties, Cornellian, Comewell, Standwell, and Empire, developed in 

 cooperation with the department of plant breeding at the Cornell 

 University Agricultural Experiment Station and distributed to 

 farmers for the first time in the spring of 1921, continued to prove 

 satisfactory under farm conditions and again were much in demand 

 by farmers in the spring of 1923. In tests conducted in seven coun- 

 ties of the State in 1921, these varieties on the average outyielded 

 others, such as Victor}^, Golden Rain, and Mammoth Cluster, hy 

 2 to 10 bushels per acre. Continued progress was made in breeding 

 a white-kerneled strain in which the undesirable gray color of the 

 Cornellian has been eliminated, though still retaining the unusually 

 high yielding quality of that variety. 



Albion (Iowa No. 103), Richland (Iowa No. 105), lowar, and 

 logren, the four improved varieties developed in cooperation with 

 the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station, are becoming of greater 

 importance each year. The estimated area devoted to the Albion and 

 Richland varieties, as determined by the varietal survey already 

 mentioned, was as follows: In Iowa — Albion, 1,088,000 acres; Rich- 



