586 ANNUAL EEPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGEICIILTURE. 



The number of purebred Gallowaj^s has been reduced by sales, and 

 the station now is maintaining only enough to continue its experiment 

 in the production of a hardy milk cow by crossing the Galloway 

 and Holstein breeds. Although this experiment has been in progress 

 since 1916, developments have been very slow, owing to the limited 

 number of animals available and the fact that about 75 per cent of all 

 calves have been males. There are now three crossbred heifers in milk, 

 and their milk production appears to be about midway between the 

 records of the purebred herds. All the crossbred animals have the 

 rangy bodies of the Holstein breed and the black coats and polled 

 characters of the Galloways. As a result of the reduction in the 

 station herd the stock is now quartered at Kodiak and the Kalsin 

 Bay station has been closed, temporarily at least. The present pure- 

 bred herd at Kodiak consists of 7 cows, 2 bulls, and 4 calves of the 

 Galloway breed and 4 cows and 2 bulls of the Holstein breed. Of 

 the crossbred animals there are 5 heifers and 2 bull calves. The best 

 of the sheep in the Kodiak flock were sent to Matanuska, where they 

 are doing exceedingly well, an increase of 100 per cent being re- 

 ported in 1923. The Milking Shorthorn cattle are proving well 

 adapted to the regions of Fairbanks and Matanuska. With the in- 

 crease in the herds at Matanuska and Fairbanks there is an immedi- 

 ate need of more cleared land for pastures and for the production 

 of hay. At Kodiak additional land was added to the station in 1922. 

 Fencing and clearing was begun, and it will soon be possible to pro- 

 duce all the pasturage and silage needed without having to cut 

 grass in widely scattered areas and bring it in by boat. 



The work at the Rampart station has been temporarily reduced to 

 growing in small quantities the hybrid grains and the forage crops 

 that have been under test at that place. This station seems especially 

 adapted to work of this character. Pending the resumption of plant 

 breeding the station is in charge of a caretaker. 



Beginning in May, 1923, the stations have taken up cooperative 

 and demonstration work with farmers in the more developed val- 

 leys of the Territory. M. D. Snodgrass, who was for seven years 

 in charge of the Fairbanks station and previously in charge of the 

 Kodiak station, was appointed to have immediate charge of this 

 work, and he will visit the different localities, so far as possible, and 

 advise the farmers and homesteaders concerning their problems. It 

 is expected that he will establish cooperative tests of grains and 

 vegetables in many places and thus gain information regarding their 

 adaptability much more rapidly than formerly. Supplies of seed 

 were furnished him and the work was begun very auspiciously. It 

 is believed that this new enterprise will prove popular and of great 

 advantage to the farmer settler. 



HAWAII STATIPN. 



The station is continuing its efforts to develop agricultural in- 

 dustries that will supplement the growing of sugar cane and pine- 

 apples and make the islands less dependent upon the mainland for 

 their necessities. It is well recognized that dependence could not 

 long be placed on sugar and pineapples to maintain the people in 

 case of isolation, and consequently the station is trying to solve some 

 of the principles underlying the production of minor crops in the 



