100 ANNUAL, REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



liiboratory for the division and fnrnishes the fiicilities for the eon- 

 duct of the investjoations in the hreedin*:. feedin^^ and nianafrement 

 of aninnils. During; the yvnv an extension of the ho<r paddocks was 

 made. Considerable work was done in the construction ol" portable 

 and temporary buiidin«rs, fences, gates, etc. The farm has already 

 proved to be entiivly too small for the investigations in animal hus- 

 bandry which the bureau should conduct. 



CERTIFICATION OF ANIMALS IMPORTED FOR BREEDING PURPOSES. 



Under the provision of paragraph 397 of the Tariff Act of October 

 3, 1913, certificates of pure breeding were issued for 82 horses, 200 

 dogs, and 3 cats. 



DAIRY DIVISION. 



Economical milk production, and the improvement of milk prod- 

 ucts through better processes of manufacture, are the two lines of 

 activity around which the Avork of the Dairy Division, under B. H. 

 Rawl, chief, has centered during the last year. To improve the dairy 

 cows of the country the present knowledge of methods of feeding 

 and breeding has been presented to the producers through cow- 

 testing and bull associations, and new knoAvledge is being gained 

 through scientific investigations of breeding and animal nutrition. 



Certain principles of breeding are being studied in a comprehen- 

 sive pro^'ect involving a large number of clairy cattle under definite 

 plans ot mating and crossing. Studies in nutrition have yielded 

 information of value in the proper feeding of animals for milk pro- 

 duction. In the manufacture of milk products, investigations have 

 included the improvement and standardizing of products and a fuller 

 utilization of by-products. Studies in factory and milk-plant man- 

 agement and in sanitation to prevent losses and to improve the prod- 

 ucts have been continued. The manufacture of the Swiss and Roque- 

 fort varieties of cheese has been standardized and introduced suc- 

 cessfully into factories. Cultures needed in the manufacture of these 

 products are being supplied to factories in several States. Progress 

 has also been made in preventing defects that frequently occur in 

 condensed milk and ice cream. Factory management investigations 

 have aided in the economical use of fuel and pow-er and in efficient 

 methods of operation. 



DAIRY EXTENSION. 



Extension w^ork in dairying, conducted in cooperation wdth State 

 agricultural colleges, carries dairying into new^ sections and intro- 

 duces new practices developed through research. Substantial prog- 

 ress has marked the year's work, which has centered largely around 

 the cow-testing and bull associations and the extension of the cheese 

 industry. 



SOUTHERN DAIRYING. 



Efforts of the extension forces in the South have been directed 

 toward strengthening the foundation of dairying through the use of 

 better cattle, and, as a whole, the progress made has been in quality 

 rather than increase in numbers of cattle. The 12 cow-testing asso- 



