BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 107 



ciations and 49 bull associations now operating; in Southern States 

 have done much to brin<j; this about. 



Three women agents have fostered greater home consumption of 

 milk and improvement of farm butter, and an illustration of the 

 interest aroused is found in the purchase of 32*2 family cows in 11 

 counties, which was a direct result of this work. 



Some of the more specific accomplishments of the field men are 

 the erection of 92 silos and 46 barns, the remodeling of 10 barns, 

 the construction of 14 milk houses and the remodeling of IT old 

 ones, the purchase of 1,165 head of cattle (among which were 148 

 purebred bulls and 447 purebred females), herd records kept on 

 30 new herds, organization of 23 bull associations and 8 cow-testing 

 associations, and reorganization of 4 old cow-testing associations. 



On June 30 the curtailed appropriation caused the withdrawal of 

 the division from, the major portion of its extension Avork in the 

 South. 



Cheese-factory extension. — The development of cheese manufac- 

 ture in the southern mountain sections has progressed in spite of 

 ad\erse conditions as regards weather, labor, and markets. Cheese 

 specialists have given particular attention to the organizing of new 

 factories, to the training of cheesemakers, and to marketing prob- 

 lems. Efforts have been made to aid factory patrons to increase the 

 production of milk. In North Carolina 2 new factories have been 

 organized, making a total of 31 in the State, with an annual pro- 

 duction of 473.253 pounds of cheese. Through the efforts of the 

 extension men in that State 55 silos and 2 barns have been built, 16 

 milk houses remodeled, and 275 cows and 28 purebred bulls pur- 

 chased. In Tennessee 2 new factories were added to the 6 already 

 in operation, and the total production was 84,905 pounds of cheese. 

 Assistance was given [a the erection of 12 silos and 3 barns and in 

 the remodeling of 6 barns. One new factory was organized in 

 (leorgia, making a total of 4 factories now in operation in that 

 State, where conditions were not so favorable as in the other States. 

 In Virginia the output of cheese was increased slightly, but no new 

 factories have been built. A number of dairy cows have been 

 brought into the cheese-factory territory, and farmers are taking 

 more interest in milk production. 



Ckea.aiery extension. — Extension activities in creamery develop- 

 ment have been carried on mainly in Tennessee, Mississippi, and 

 North Carolina. The creameries are enlarging their business and 

 are overcoming the feeling of uncertainty that existed previously. 

 Dairy I)ivision specialists have assisted creameries in improving the 

 quality of tlieir manufactured products, aided in the selection and 

 installation of equipment, and given help in accounting and other 

 lines of work tending to improve the efficiency and economy of 

 operation. In North Carolina production has been increased 23 

 per cent. Five new plants for handling city milk and manufacturing 

 ice cream and butter were established during the year, not including 

 plants for making ice cream only. The creamery industry in Ten- 

 nessee is in a period of growth and development. Cooperative cream- 

 eries have been established and assistance given to 14 factories. In 

 Mississippi the efforts of the extension workers to improve the 

 quality of cream used in butterinaking have l)eon reflected in the 



