112 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



shown by the hi<!:h quality of the butter on rescoring after six months. 

 There was not tlie nictallic or the fishy flavor so common in storajje 

 butter. One of the outstanding results of this Avork is the demonstra- 

 tion to small creameries tliat with a little effort a much l)etter quality 

 of cream can be obtained and a correspondingly higher quality of 

 butter manufactured. The lessons learned in the manufacturing of 

 high-grade butter for the Navy have made it possible for creameries 

 that previously produced inferior butter to obtain a better product 

 and an increased price throughout the j^ear. 



INSPECTION 01'' KENOVATKD-liUTTKU FACTOiaES. 



The inspection of renovated-butter factories was conducted at 11 

 plants, one of which ceased operation during the yvuv. Their out- 

 put for the fiscal j^ear amounted to 9,641, GTS pounds of butter, a 

 decrease of 7,025,780 pounds, or 42 per cent, from the preceding 



fiscal year, ' 



students' judging contest. 



The third students' contest in judging dairy products, held at the 

 National Dairy Show, Chicago, in October, 1919, was superintended 

 by the Dairy Division, and was the largest and most successful con- 

 test so far held. Teams of three men each from seven State agricul- 

 tural colleges competed in the judging. These contests have stimu- 

 lated interest among students of agricultural colleges in the judg- 

 ing of dairy products and have increased their knowledge of the 

 market qualities of butter, cheese, and milk, 



MARKET-MILK INVESTIGATIONS. 



IMPROVEMENT OF JtILK SUPPLIES. 



In the cooperative work in dairy sanitation surveys of the milk 

 supplies of 12 cities in 9 States were made. These surveys took into 

 consideration the source and handling of the milk, together with 

 laboratory and inspection methods used in safeguarding its quality. 

 Numerous other cities were visited by Dairy Division representatives 

 for conferences, milk contests, and other w^ork in the interest of milk 

 impro\-ement. In the course of this work 508 farms Avere visited and 

 inspected and 356 bacterial counts made. Assistance was rendered 

 to various cities and towns in the' formulation of milk ordinances. 

 Aid was given also in conducting milk contests in 6 States and at 

 the National Dairy Show. The State colleges have been urged to 

 take over the contest work in their respective States. 



The dairy farm at Beltsville was inspected and scored five times 

 and the United States Naval Academy dairy at Gambrills, Md,, ten 



times. 



At Grove City the work on the milk-grading system was continued. 

 During the summer all the farms, and during winter 135 of the 

 farms, of the patrons of the local creamery were visited and rated on 

 sanitary conditions of milk production. Since the work was begun 

 considerable improvement in sanitary conditions has been noted and 

 more interest has been taken by dairymen in proper care of the milk. 



Milk-plant specialists gave personal assistance and advice in the 

 organization and operation of cooperative and other milk plants and 

 pasteurizing plants. Three sets of stock plans for milk plants were 



