BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 229 



EXPENSE. 



It is believed that this phin could be put into full operation at a 

 cost not to exceed $250,000 for the first year. This will allow for the 

 purchase of first-class stallions with proved stud records and will 

 provide for the employment of first-class men to carry on the w^ork. 

 The expense in subsequent years, on the same basis of 100 stallions, 

 would require appropriations estimated at $100,000 annually, which 

 would allow for the replacing of stallions as necessity required. 



On the basis of 40 mares per stallion the system would cost about 

 $40 per colt produced. If the maximum of 70 mares were covered 

 by each stallion, the cost per colt produced would be about $20. Con- 

 sidering the fact that the normal stud fee in the country is from $10 

 to $25, with a probable average of $15, it will be seen that under this 

 system the expense would be somewhat greater than by using pri- 

 vately owned stallions, but it is believed that the advantages of breed- 

 ing and the results in foals would more than compensate for the 

 increase. "\Miile the increased cost would not necessarily be made up 

 to the Central Government, the increase in state and local taxes on 

 more valuable foals would more than counterbalance the loss under 

 this system. As a matter of fact the resultant cost of such a careful 

 system of breeding can not be computed in dollars and cents, par- 

 ticularly as the effect of systematic effort in the breeding of army 

 remounts should have such a favorable influence on all breeding in 

 this country as to be of inestimable benefit to the horse industry and 

 far outweigh any expense that might be debited against this system. 



THE DAIRY DIVISION. 



The Dairy Division, of which Mr. B, H. Rawl is chief, covers in a 

 broad way work relating to the dairy industry. This work is organ- 

 ized in five branches, as follows: Dairy farming investigations, 

 dairy manufacturing investigations, market milk investigations, re- 

 search laboratories, and renovated butter inspection. 



A valuable part of the work of the Dairy Division is the diffusion 

 of helpful information among those engaged in the various branches 

 of the dairy industry. An important means of furthering this object 

 is by attending meetings and giving lectures and addresses. During 

 the fiscal year the Dairy Division was represented at 327 gatherings, 

 ranging from small local meetings of farmers to large conventions, 

 and including meetings of live-stock and cow-testing associations, 

 conferences of milk producers, dealers, consumers, and health officials, 

 and meetings of medical societies, besides the giving of lectures at 

 dairy schools, attendance at fairs and milk exhibits, and the trip 

 of a special dairy train. 



The farm at Beltsville, Md., recently acquired by the Bureau, when 

 fully equipped will afford facilities that have long been needed by 

 the Dairy Division for carrying out more satisfactorily investiga- 

 tions already under way and for investigating other problems that 

 should be studied under actual farm conditions. The various workers 

 of the division will thus be kept in closer touch with farm practice, 

 and will thereby be better qualified for the work they have in hand. 

 For lack of proper facilities much of the experimental work has 

 hitherto been carried on in cooperation with state experiment 



