778 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



give a compacted wearing surface of a sand-clay mixture 12 feet wide and 4 inchea 

 thick. The total cost of the road to the community was $705.62, which is at the rate 

 of $718 per mile. Labor cost $1 and teams $3 per day. 



Nashville, N. C. — The work of building a sand-clay road at Nashville, N. C, 

 2,300 feet long and 12 feet wide, was begun on August 9, 1909, and completed on 

 August 17, 1909. The adjacent land is rolling and the soil sandy. To secure proper 

 dramage 495 cubic yards of earth were moved with drag scrapers and a road grader 

 an average distance of 75 feet, at a cost of $59.40, or 12 cents per cubic yard. Six 

 hundred and eighty-two cubic yards of surfacing material were hauled in one-horse 

 carta an average distance of 800 leet and spread upon the road to a depth of 10 inchea 

 in the center and 6 inches at the sides, at a cost of $81.70. The total cost of the road 

 to the community was $180.94, which is at the rate of $341.19 per mile. Labor cost 

 $1 per day, one-horse carts $1.50 per day, and teams $3 per day. 



Salisbury, N. C. — The local authorities at Salisbury, N. C, had graded 1 mile 

 of clay road for a width of 25 feet between shoulders and had covered a strip 10 feet 

 in width with sand about 6 inches deep. Th.? work therefore consisted in mixing 

 the sand and clay and adding additional sand where needed. Two hundred and 

 seventy-eight cubic yards of sand were hauled three-fourths of a mile and spread 

 upon the road at a cost of $157.30. The sand and clay were then mixed with plows 

 and harrows at a cost of $9.60. The work was done by the county convict road gang. 

 With labor at 40 cents and teams at the cost of subsistence — that is, 80 cents per day — 

 the total cost of the work was $198.75. Work was begun on September 21, 1909, and 

 completed on September 27, 1909. 



Darlington, S. C. — The work of constructing a sand-clay road at Darlington, 

 S. C, was begun on June 27, 1910. The proposed road will be 3,780 feet in length 

 and surfaced with a sand-clay mixture 20 feet in width. Since the work was not 

 completed in this fiscal year, a detailed statement of it will be deferred until the 

 next annual report. 



Florence, S.C. — The work at Florence, S.C., consisted of impro\ang a section of the 

 Dargan road, 1 ,000 feet in length, with gravel and a sand-clay mixture. One hundred 

 and seventy feet were surfaced with gravel which had been shipped in by rail pre\ious 

 to the arrival of the representative from this office. The remainder of the section, 830 

 feet, was surfaced with a sand-clay mixture. The clay and sand which were used 

 were obtained practically from the roadside, at a cost of about one-fifth that of the 

 gravel. Fifty-eight cubic yards of gravel were purchased at 83 cents per cubic yard, 

 hauled a distance of 1 mile, and spread upon the road at a total cost of $85.90. The 

 cost of the sand-clay section was $77.90. The work was done by the county convict 

 road gang and labor was estimated at 40 cents per day, horse and cart at $2 per day, 

 and teams at $3 per day. 



Hartsville, S. C.^ — A sand-clay road, 5,280 feet in length, was built at Ilartsville, 

 S. C, through a practically level country on a sandy soil. Under the sandy soil, 

 which was about 1 foot in thickness, was found a good quality of clay. A wide trench 

 was dug along both sides of the road, the sandy soil was thrown to the outside of the 

 road, and the clay, sufficient for a 10-inch sand-clay surface, was dragged to the middle 

 of the road. The sand and clay were then spread and mixed with a road grader. All 

 surplus sand was drifted back into the trench. Cross drains of vitrified pipe were 

 constructed as follows: Two 24-inch, 50 feet long; one 30-inch, 40 feet long; one 15- 

 inch, 24 feet long; and one 12-inch, 24 feet long. All labor was performed by jail 

 convicts, which cost the county for feeding and guarding 50 cents per day for each 

 man. The total cost of the road to the community was $338, including the cross 

 drains, and $134.75 exclusive of the cross drains. Teams were furnished by the 

 county, and as a rule driven by the convicts, and were considered as costing the 

 county $1.50 per day. Work was begun on June 2, 1910, and the road was completed 

 on June 21, 1910. 



Marion, S. C. — The work at Marion, S. C, consisted of grading to a width of 30 to 

 40 feet 4,750 lineal feet of road and surfacing it for a width of 16 feet with a sand- 

 clay mixture. The country adjacent to the road was level and the soil quite sandy. 

 Work was begun on May 31, 1910, and completed on July 21, 1910. In grading the 

 road, 1,456 cubic yards of earth were loosened with plows and picks, and hauled in 

 wagons and wheelbarrows an average distance of 500 feet at a cost of 23.5 cents per 

 cubic yard. One thousand and fifty-five cubic yards of clay were used on the road 

 for the sand-clay mixture, of which 656 cubic yards were hauled an average distance 

 of 1,500 feet, while the remainder, 399 cubic yards, was obtained from trenches dug 



