50 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AUKICULTURE. 



139,821 square miles. This is about one-fifth of the original infested 

 area. 



Dipping experiments liave been continued with a view to finding 

 the most effecti\e and economical means of ridding cattle and pas- 

 tures of tlie ticlvs. Recent work shows that arsenic yields better 

 results than the crude petroleum formerly used as a dip. Arsenical 

 dips are therefore now being principally used. 



During the year 4,016,048 inspections of southern cattle were made 

 by employees of the Bureau of Animal Industry in connection with 

 the work of tick eradication. The number of cattle permitted unre- 

 stricted movement under certificate was 103,338, and of these 45,613 

 were dipped or otherwise treated. 



The movement of cattle from the quarantined area is carefulh'- 

 regulated so that the disease can not be transmitted to animals out- 

 side the area. There were shipped from the quarantined area to 

 northern markets during the quarantine season of 1910, under the 

 supervision and in accordance with the regulations of the depart- 

 ment, 1,065,119 cattle. 



SCABIES OF SHEEP AND CATTLE. 



In the work for the eradication of the parasitic diseases known as 

 scabies in sheep and cattle, employees of the Bureau of Animal In- 

 dustry made 56,584,129 inspections of sheep and 18,593,251 inspec- 

 tions of cattle, and supervised 12,715,631 dippings of sheep and 

 1,234,123 dippings of cattle. There were released from the quaran- 

 tine for scabies of sheep 22,560 square miles in Oregon, and from the 

 quarantine for scabies of cattle 14,810 square miles in South Dakota, 

 Nebraska, and Kansas. 



TUBERCULOSIS. 



Tuberculosis has been for many j'ears a subject of investigation 

 by the Bureau of Animal Industry. During the year the problem of 

 protecting animals from the disease by vaccination has been studied 

 at the Bureau Experiment Station. Some favorable results have 

 been obtained, but, as the only methods found effective require the 

 use of living tubercle bacilli, such methods are not considered prac- 

 ticable for general use because of the danger of spreading the disease. 



Some important results were obtained during the year in the patho- 

 logical laboratory through a study of material from hogs fed upon 

 garbage from the kitchen of an institution where tuberculous insane 

 were kept. Both the human and bovine types of tubercle bacilli were 

 obtained from these hogs. Further tests were also made in the labo- 

 ratory with the ophthalmic and intradermal methods of applying the 

 tuberculin test for the diagnosis of the disease. 



The work of eradicating bovine tuberculosis in the District of Co- 

 lumbia as reported last year has been followed by the systematic 



