724 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Fort Coi.mns. Coi.o. — TJie road iniprovfHl at Fort Collins was the Collpse 

 Drivi' on tlio proiinds of the Colorado Apricnltural College. It was 2,330 feet 

 Ion}:, fiiadod to a 24-foot vvi<ltli and surfaced 1(1 feet wide with pravel. The 

 woili here he^'an tin July S. I'JKi, and w;(s liiiished on Aujiust 17, ItJlO. 



The surrounding country is rolling and the soil is a very porous clay loam 

 with clay suhsoil. It was necessary to excavate 1,522 cuhic yards, which re- 

 duc(Hl the niaxiuiuni grade from Oi |)er cent to 4.8 per cent, at a cost of 24.8 

 cents per cubic yard, making a total of $378.10. Two drains were necessary to 

 carry irrigation ditches: One of 10-inch vitrified pipe, 40 feet long, at 2s cents 

 l)er linear foot: and one of 12-in(h vitrilied pipe. 30 feet long, at 34 cents 

 per linear foot, maliing a total cost for the inpe of $21.40. The labor in 

 placing the above drains cost $12.10. The entire subgrade was siiaped with a 

 road-grader at a cost of $28.30, The gravel for surfacing was shipped by rail 

 a distance of 12 miles; 1000 cul)ic yards were purchased and cost as follows: 

 At the pit, 5 cents per cubic yard ; loading on car, 30 cents per ton ; and freight, 

 50 cents per ton. The total cost of the gravel on the siding was $1,425.23, In 

 hauling the gravel from the siding the college teams were available part of 

 the time, and 727 tons were hauled in this way at a cost of IG.G cents per ton. 

 When the harvest time came, it was necessary to let a contract for hauling 

 the remaining gravel at 22 cents per ton, making a total cost of $339,09 for 

 this work. Spreading, sprinkling, and rolling the gravel cost $125.05, The 

 rolling was done with a 10-ton steau) roller. Grubbing cost $14.50 and sur- 

 veying $6,G0, making a total cost to the community of $2,350.31, which is at 

 the rate of 56.7 cents per square yard, or .$5.2GG per mile. The labor cost $2 

 per day of 10 hours, teams $4 and $4.50 per day, and fuel $4,50 per ton. The 

 work comprised 4,145 square yards. 



Kalamazoo, Mich. — The road improved at Kalamazoo was a portion of the 

 Richmond Iload, running northeast from the township line a distance of 2 miles. 

 The adjacent land varies from level to rolling and the soil from sandy to worn- 

 out gravel. The work started on July 5, 1910, and was completed on August 

 3, 1910. 



The road was graded to a width of 30 feet, while the subgrade was prepared 

 to a width of 15 feet. Only a small amount of excavation was required, and 

 this reduced the maximum grade from 3 to 1 per cent. Gravel of very good 

 quality was obtained from a pit 2i miles from the road and cost 10 cents per 

 load at the pit. Various other items of cost were as follows: Stripping the pit, 

 0,1 cent par cubic yard ; loading, 3.9 cents per cubic yard ; hauling, 65.6 cents 

 per cubic yard ; spreading on the road, 0,9 cent per cubic yai'd ; and harrowing, 

 0.2 cent per square yard. The road was rolled with a horse roller at a total 

 cost of $22, which is 0,13 cent per square yard. The gravel was deposited in 

 two courses — the first course, ~i inches deep at the center and 4 inches deep at 

 the edges, was compacted by rolliug to 6 inches and 3 inches, respectively; and 

 the second course, 3 inches deep at the center and 2 inches at the edges, com- 

 pacted by rolling to 2 inches and IJ inches, respectively. The compacted surface 

 was therefore 8 inches at the center and 4^ inches at the edges. The total 

 amount of gravel used was 3,959 cubic yards. 



The work on this road was done by county prisoners at a cost of 40 cents per 

 10-hour day. Double teams cost $4 per day, and the total cost of the road to the 

 community was $3,945.15, which is at the Fate of 22.4 cents per square yard, or 

 $1,972 per mile. The work comprised 17,613 square yards. 



Starkville, Miss. — Work was begun at Starkville on August 1, 1910, and 

 was completed on July 19, 1911, The road is an extension of Main Street, 

 running east toward the State Colle.ge. It was 7,000 feet in length and was 

 graded to a width of 50 feet in the cuts and 45 feet in the fills. A sand-clay 

 surface 28 feet wide was constructed for a distance of 6,840 feet. The necessary 

 excavation amounted to 14,416 cubic yards, which cost $3,160.76. or 21.9 cents 

 per cubic yard. The maximum grade w;is reduced from 6 to 4 per cent. Four 

 cross drains were constructed, three of 12-inch tile and one of 24-inch tile. The 

 total cost of this pipe and labor for constructing the drains aaiounted to $100,58, 

 A total of 5,577 cubic yards of chert-gravel was purchased, costing on the siding 

 $6,291.84, or $1,128 per cubic yard. This material was shipped 305 miles by rail 

 and was hauled an average of 3',000 feet to the road, at a cost of 27,3 cents per 

 cubic yard, making a total of $1,521.57, The spreading cost 4.3 cents per cubic 

 yard, and sprinkling and rolling $514.29 for the entire work. The material was 

 deposited in three courses, each course rolled by a 10-ton steam roller, and the 

 total finished depth was 7 inches. The gravel was somewhat unsatisfactory. 



