OFFICE OF PUBLIC EOADS. 725 



owing to the presence of clay and foreign matter and its lack of uniformity in 

 size. Additional items of expense on this work were as follows: Damages, 

 $106; lumber and labor in building a fence, $37.27; moving graves, $10.75; and 

 livery bill, $104.48. The total cost of the road was $12,288.91, which is at the 

 rate of G7.4 cents per square yard, or $9,486 per mile. The^e figures are based 

 on labor costing $1 and $1.25 per 10-hour day and teams at the rate of $3 and 

 $3.50 per day. The work comprised 18,240 square yards of Q'jished surface. 



Arlington, Tex. — A portion of the Arlington-Webb Road, running east from 

 Center Street toward the Cedar Hill Road. 0,028 feet long, was graded and sur- 

 faced with gravel. The work was commenced on February 21, 1910, with the 

 cuiverts, and the surfacing was completed on August 6, 1910. The road runs 

 through rolling land with a black, waxy [jrairie subsoil. The local authoriiies 

 furnished the following machinery: One single-team grader, one three-team 

 grader, one 5-ton horse roller, one turning plow, one road plow, one railroad 

 contractor's plow, and one homemade watering tank with sprinkling attach- 

 ment. The excavating amounted to 6,407 cubic yards and cost $2,442.18, of which 

 $29.30 is chargeable to culvert excavation, $77.40 to bridge excavation, and 

 $517.90 to ditching. The grade was reduced 0.3 per cent in a maximum grade 

 of 4 per cent, and the road was graded 28 feet wide in the cuts and 20 feet 

 wide in the fills. Three reinforced-coucrete culverts and one reinforced-con- 

 crete bridge of 16-foot span were necessary. Details of the culvert work v\ere 

 as follows: Culvert No 1, 2 feet 6 inches by 3 feel by 21 feet 4 inches; culvert 

 No. 2, 3 feet by 4 feet by 21 feet 4 inches; and culvert No. 3. 3 feet by 3 feet 6 

 inches by 21 feet 4 inches. One bridge was built with SJ-foot abutments and 

 a span of 21 feet 8 inches. The total cost of the above culverts and bridge, 

 including excavation, material, and labor, was $1,624.50. One thousand nine 

 hundred and seventy -four cubic yards of gravel were used, which, at 95 cents 

 per cubic yai-d at the railroad siding, amounted to $1,894.77. Of this amount 

 212 cubic yards were used for concrete. Unloading the gravel from the train 

 cost $536.50: hauling to the road, $860.25; spreading. .$173.16; and patching, 

 dressing, and sprinkling. $40.25. The gravel was deposited in three courses, 5 

 inches, 3 inches, and 8 inches, respectively, when loose, and was compacted 

 by rolling to 4 inches, 2 inches, and 6 inches, respectively, leaving a total 

 finished gravel depth of 12 inches. The cost of rolling the gravel was $225.22. 

 The crown was made 1 inch to the foot, and the width surfaced was 14 feet 

 for 3,400 feet and 12 feet for 3,528 feet, with shoulders making a 20-foot road- 

 way. Additional items of expense on this road were as follows: Rolling the 

 subgrade. $18.27; engineer's helper, $11.25; livery bill, $254.50; and miscel- 

 laneous supplies, tools, etc.. $30.35. 



The total cost of this road to the community was $8,233.95, which is at the 

 rate of $6,175.46 per mile, or 82.4 cents per square yard, including the cost of 

 reinforced-concrete culverts and bridges. These figures were based oji a labor 

 cost of $1.50 for a 10-hour day, and foreman, with team, $3 per day. The work 

 comprised 9,993 square yards. 



Center, Tex. — A gravel road, 1,000 feet long and 15 feet wide, was built 

 on the Shelbyville Road, running east from Center toward Shelbyville. The 

 work commenced on July 8, 1910, and was finished on September 10, 1910. The 

 surrounding country is rolling and the subsoil is alternately sand and clay. 

 The grading was 36 feet wide throughout and required the excavation of 229 

 cubic yards at a cost of 20 cents per cubic yard, reducing the maximum grade 

 from 4 per cent to 3. The work was done with two farm plows and four No. 

 2 slip scrapers. The road was shaped with a road machine, and 4-foot clay 

 shoulders, averaging 6 inches deep, were constructed on either side to hold the 

 gravel. Shaping the subgrade cost $16.10 and building the clay shoulders, 

 $32.48. The gravel for this work was hauled by rail 145 miles and cost, on the 

 siding. $1 per ton. A total of 398 yards was delivered, one half of which was 

 unloaded by shovels over the side of the cars at a cost of 8 cents per ton and 

 the other half was dumped from side-dump cars at a cost of 1 cent per ton. 

 One hundred and ninety-eight tons of the gravel were screened by hand, through 

 dash screens, yielding 50 per cent of screened material, which cost 25 cents 

 per ton. Loading this into the wagons cost 3 cents per ton. The average haul 

 to the road for the gravel was 800 feet, and the cost was 17* cents per ton. 

 The gravel was deposited in two layers. The first course of unscreened material 

 was 6 inches thick and was compacted by traffic. Four inches of the screened 

 material, averaging in size from 1^ inches to one-fourth inch, were then added, 

 and the road was given a crowm of three-fourths inch to the foot. The cost of 



