OFFICE OF PUBLIC ROADS. 727 



Excellent sand for the surface was obtained at an average haul of seven- 

 eighths of a mile and was put on 16 feet wide. The disk harrow was used to 

 mix the sand with the clay snl)soil, and, since from stations to 9 the subsoil 

 clay contained an excess of mica, a more suitable clay from other portions of 

 the work, amounting to S8.S cubic yards, was used. The sand was [tLiceil 7 

 inches deep and compacted to about Ss inches. Sand to the amount of 444.4 

 cubic yards was usetl, at a cost of 40.5 cents per cubic yard, in place. The 

 total cost for harrowing and dragging was $8.15. An oak bridge with a 16-foot 

 span cost $29.58. The road was finished with 3-foot shoulders, and its total 

 cost to the community was $050.52, or 17.4 cents per square j'ard, which is at 

 the rate of $1,5^1.25 per mile. The work comprised 3,733 square yards. The 

 labor on this work wa^ done by prisoners and cost 50 cents per day of 10 

 hours. Mule teams cost $1 per day. 



Eastman, Ga. — The work of grading and surfacing 6,200 feet of a 30-foot 

 roadway was begun here on December 5, 1910, and completed on January 5, 

 1911. The road was the Rhine Road, running southwest from Eastman. The 

 surrounding country is rolling and the subsoil is alternately sand and clay 

 and was suitable for surfacing. The excavation was done with a loosening 

 l^ow and small tools, and the hauling was done in slat-bottomed wagons for 

 an average distance of 500 feet. The cost of excavation was 9.3 cents per cubic 

 yard for 5,395 cubic yards. The maximum grade was reduced from 10 to 4 

 per cent. Seven 30-foot corrugated pipe culverts (either 16, 18, or 24 inches 

 in diameter) were required at a total cost of $272.94. Spreading the entire 

 surface material cost $74.79, or 1.4 cents per cubic yard. Two road drags 

 and one road machine were used on the work. The crown was finished 

 three-fourths inch to the foot. The labor was done by prisoners and cost 36 

 cents per day. Mule teams cost 45 cents per day. These figures include 

 guards, medical attendance, food, a.nd clothes. The total cost to the com- 

 munity was $848.94, which is at the rate of 4.1 cents per square yard, or 

 $722.92 per mile. The work comprised 20,706 square yards. 



Lumber City, Ga. — This is a mile section of the McArthur Road, running 

 northeast from the city, and was started on October 6, 1910, and was finished 

 on November 16, 1910. The road was graded 24 feet wide and surfaced with 

 sand-clay construction to a width of 16 feet. It runs through rolling country 

 and has a sandy subsoil throughout. It is an entirely new location and replaces 

 an old winding trail formerly almost impassable in dry weather, especially 

 for motor trathc, on account of the unusually loose character of the sandy top- 

 soil. The road is very nearly straight. A total of 1,538 cubic yards of exca- 

 vation was done, for which a road grader was used. The grading cost 11.1 

 cents per cubic yard, making a total cost of $171.40. The old grade of 9 per 

 cent was reduced to 4 per cent. A 16-inch corrugated metal culvert, 24 feet 

 long, was built at station 13. The end walls for this culvert were constructed 

 of brick laid in lime mortar and were 8 feet by 3 feet by 1 foot. The culvert, 

 with labor, cost $25.50, and the end walls, $6.20. The subgrade was shaped 

 at a cost of 0.8 cent per square yard, making a total of $73.03. The material 

 used for surfacing was a natural mixture of sand and clay of good grade. 

 Two thousand one hundred and fifteen cubic yards of this material were used 

 and the average haul to the road was 3,000 feet. The surfacing was placed 

 8 inches thick and compacted to 6 inches. The unit cost of the surfacing 

 material was as follows: Loading at the pit, 14 cents per cubic yard; hauling, 

 12^ cents per cubic yard ; and spreading, 4.8 cents per cubic yard. Incidentals 

 amounted to $02.29. The total cost of the mile of road to the community 

 ■was, therefore, $1,000.90, which is at the rate of 10.6 cents per square yard. 

 An interesting feature of this work was the teams furnished free of cost by 

 the citizens. The labor costs were $1.25 per 10-hour day for free labor and GO 

 cents per day for convicts. Prison camp teams cost 75 cents per day. The 

 work comprised 9,387 square yards. 



Reidsville, Ga. — Work began here on June 1, 1911, and was finished on July 

 1, 1911. The road is the Claxton Road, running through slightly rolling coun- 

 try northeast from Reidsville. One mile of road underlaid with sand and sandy 

 loam was graded 30 feet wide and surfaced 16 feet wide with sand-claj con- 

 struction, and. with 4-foot shoulders, cost $449.15. The work was do,ne with 

 a road machine, plow, wagons, and small tools. Two corrugated metal pipe 

 culverts were built, one IS inches by 22 feet and one 15 inches by 30 feet, at a 

 cost of $26.70 and $32.10, respectively. Two thousand and sixty cubic yards of 



