736 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



posed road imd to preimre spociflcatlons for tho work, which was begun under 

 his Rnjiorvision. One-half of tlie funds for surveys and eonstruetion was raised 

 l»}' snbscription, and tho remainder snpplied fmni public revenues by the county 

 comuiissioners. After the worli was well under way, the county coniiuissionera 

 appointed a county road engineer, who took char};e of the work. The following 

 report, therefore, includes only the work done under the supervision of this 

 office. 



The work was done on a county road leading from Medford. Oreg., to Crater 

 Lake National Park, and extended over what is locally known as Mounce rock 

 relocation. Hy this relocation 100 feet of adverse grade was eliminated and 

 one-half mile of grade ranging from 12 per cent to 33 per cent was replaced 

 by a roadway with a grade varying from O.ij to 4 per cent, without appreciable 

 increase in the distance. 



The country is mountainous and the slopes of the hillsides are steep, ranging 

 in this section from 8 to 35 degrees. All the excavation, with the exception of 

 two short cuts, was open hillside work. This, together with the short haul, 

 reduced the woik to what could be done with i)ick, shovel, and scraper. Push 

 cars were used where economical. The work was done by contract at the 

 following prices: Earth excavation, 18 cents per cubic yard; hardpan, 48 cents 

 per cubic yard; loose rock, 52 cents per cubic yard; solid rock, 98 cents per 

 cubic yard: clearing. $750; grubbing, $2,250; and hand-laid riprap, $1.50 per 

 square yard. All work not covered by these items was done by force account. 

 The free haul limit was 300. feet, and the overhaul was 1 cent per cubic yard 

 for each 100 feet additional. The cost of the work done under the supervision 

 of this office was $7,512.09, and consisted in the removal of 2.106 cubic yards 

 of earth, 895 cubic yards of hardpan, 2,139 cubic yards of loose rock, and 3,196 

 cubic yards of solid rock. In addition, a portion of both clearing and grubbing 

 had been completed, 242.2 square yards of riprap laid, and cross drains placed 

 by force account. Labor was paid $2.50 per day; foreman, $3.50; and teams, 

 §30 per month and maintenance. Four thousand five hundred feet of work had 

 been opened up. and 1,600 feet brought to an approximate grade. No surfacing 

 whatever had been done. 



The width of the road varied from IS to 23 feet and all blind curves were 

 widened to insure safety to traffic. Corrugated-iron culverts were used, while 

 head and tail walls were made of hand-laid riprap. The work was done 

 between October 6. 1910. and March 31, 1911, during which 36 days were lost 

 because of rain and inclement weather. 



Valley City, N. Dak. — This was an earth road built along section lines to 

 replace the original cross-country trail. The work consisted In stripping the 

 so<l. removing it. and grading and compacting the roadway. The work was 

 done with wheel and slip scrapers and a road grader and was completed with 

 a gasoline traction engine. Approximately 800 feet of roadway had been con- 

 structed when the work was turned over to the county authorities for completion. 



UNFINISHED ROADS. 



On May 18, 1911, the construction of a sand-clay road was begun at De- 

 mopolis, Ala. As this work was not completed until July 20, 1911, it will be 

 referred to in the next annual report. 



On June 17, 1911. the construction of a bituminous-macadam road at Silver 

 Springs, Md.. was started. This work was completed on September 5, 1911. 

 A report on this project will be given in the next annual report. 



EXPERIMENTAL WORK AT ITHACA, N. Y. 



The experimental work at Ithaca. N. Y., described in the last annual report, 

 had then covered 15 experiments. Since that time the number of experiments 

 has been extended to 24, and the work is still progressing. A detailed account 

 of these 9 additional experiments will be found in Circular No. 94, issued by 

 this office. The experiments were carried out for the purpose of ascertaining 

 the relative value, under practically uniform conditions, of different road 

 binders applied by different methods. The roads selected for these experiments 

 were East Aveniie and South Avenue, on the grounds of Cornell University, 

 and adjoined the roads formerly treated. Both of these roads are subjected to 

 heavy traffic during the winter, and in the summer to considerable automobile 

 travel and light draying. 



