BUREAU OF MARKETS. 455 



Raleigh, N. C, have been completed. These tests were made on 

 cotton of the 191-1 crop, representing five different grades of the 

 Official Cotton Standards. 



The following are the averages of the total percentages of visible 

 and invisible waste as found in the textile school and mill tests 

 combined: Middling Fair, G.30; Good Middling, 7.05; Middling, 

 9.25 ; Low Middling, 10.77 ; and Good Ordinary, 14.41. 



The following are the averages of the tensile strength in pounds 

 per skein (120 yards) of 22's yarn. 4.75 twist factor, as found in the 

 textile school and mill tests combined : Middling Fair, 77.2 ; Good 

 Middling, 76.2; Middling, 74.3; Low Middling, 69.8; Good Ordi- 

 nary, 69.5. 



The bleaching tests showed that when the goods made from each 

 grade were bleached under identical conditions Middling Fair and 

 Good Middling were practically the same in color after bleaching. 

 The goods made from Middling and below did not produce quite as 

 pure a white, but for commercial purposes gave satisfactory results. 



A comparison of results of these tests with the results obtained in 

 a test made in 1913 on cotton representing the old permissive cotton 

 grades shows that the changes made in the revision of the old per- 

 missive grades did not increase the percentages of waste in the corre- 

 sponding grades, but involved principally the factor of color in the 

 lower grades. 



COMPARATIVE SPINNING TESTS OF THE PIMA AND YUMA VARIETIES OF THE 



ARIZONA-EGYPTIAN COTTON. 



Spinning tests were conducted at New Bedford Textile School on 

 cotton representing Extra, Choice, and Standard grades of the Pima 

 and Yuma varieties of the Arizona-Egyptian cotton. The staple of 

 the Pima was one-eighth inch longer than that of the Yuma. 



In brief, the following results were observed : ( 1 ) The Yuma cotton 

 was from 2 to 3 per cent less wasty than the Pima when run under 

 identical mechanical conditions; (2) the Yuma cotton produced 23's 

 yarn equal in strength to the Pima from the grades of Choice and 

 Standard, while the Pima produced 23's yarn practically 2 pounds 

 per skein stronger from the Extra grade; and (3) Pima cotton pro- 

 duced lOO's yarn approximately 2 pounds per skein stronger than the 

 Yuma. 



SPINNING TEST ON COTTON REPRESENTING A NUMBER OF THE PRINCIPAL VARIETIES 



OF UPLAND COTTON. 



Spinning tests are now in progress at the North Carolina State 

 College of Agriculture and Engineering on the following varieties 

 of Upland cotton: Triumph, Lone Star, Acala, Half-and-Half, 

 Rowden. and Trice. One of the purposes of making these tests was 

 the comparison of the manufacturing qualities of these well-known 

 Upland varieties of cotton with the Half-and-Half variety, which 

 has been introduced in various sections of the cotton belt. Forty- 

 one tests are in progress. 



An attempt was made to spin the following numbers of yarns 

 from the cotton representing each variety — namely. 20's, 22's, 24's, 

 28's, 36's, and 40's. Several different twist constants were used on 



