162 ANNUAL REPORTS OF DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Our largest exports of cattle are to Great Britain. Considerable 

 numbers of cattle, sheep, horses, and mules are also inspected for 

 export to Canada, and when required by the Canadian regulations the 

 cattle are tested with tuberculin for the detection of tuberculosis, 

 and equine animals with mallein for the detection of glanders. 



During the past five years the bureau has made over two and a half 

 million inspections of animals for export. This number includes 

 duplicate inspections of many animals inspected first at interior 

 points, such as Chicago and Buffalo, and again at the ports of export, 

 such as New York and Boston. The actual number of animals in- 

 spected was over a million and three-quarters. In this number there 

 were nearly 300,000 Canadian animals shipped through the United 

 States in transit to other countries, mainly Great Britain. The 

 tuberculin test was applied to over 2,200 cattle and the mallein test to 

 about 34,000 horses and mules. 



Our exports of meat animals have decreased in recent years because 

 of the heavy demand and high prices of the home market. The 

 United States exports comparatively few live animals to Continental 

 Europe, mainly because our stock is excluded by the policy of some of 

 the European Governments. 



OCEAN VESSELS. 



Besides inspecting live stock for export, the bureau inspects the 



ocean vessels that carry such animals, and enforces regulations as to 



fittings, feed, water, attendants, etc., so as to insure that the animals 



will be carried in a safe and humane manner and reach the other side 



in good condition. In the five years mentioned 2,733 inspections of 



vessels were thus made. 



On arrival at the principal British ports the animals are again 



inspected by the representatives of the Bureau of Animal Industry 



stationed there, as well as by the British authorities. Statistics show 



that the losses of live stock in ocean transit, which were formerly 



quite heavy, have been reduced to a negligible point under the 



bureau's supervision, and insurance rates have been correspondingly 



decreased. 



STAMPING OUT DISEASES OF ANIMALS. 



In suppressing and eradicating infectious diseases of live stock the 

 Bureau of Animal Industry has been especially successful, and this 

 work has saved the country from losses and damage that would 

 otherwise have run into untold millions of dollars. To appreciate 

 the effective work in our own country we must compare conditions 

 here with those in other parts of the world where destructive animal 

 diseases play havoc with the live stock. Even Europe, with its well- 

 organized and efficient government forces, is overrun with foot-and- 



